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Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
The cerebral formation of Amyloid β (Aβ) is a critical pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An accumulation of this peptide as senile plaques (SP) was already reported by Alois Alzheimer, the discoverer of the disease. Yet the exact contribution of Aβ to AD development remains elusive....
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6065240/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30028317 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.235021 |
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author | Flemmig, Jörg Zámocký, Marcel Alia, A |
author_facet | Flemmig, Jörg Zámocký, Marcel Alia, A |
author_sort | Flemmig, Jörg |
collection | PubMed |
description | The cerebral formation of Amyloid β (Aβ) is a critical pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An accumulation of this peptide as senile plaques (SP) was already reported by Alois Alzheimer, the discoverer of the disease. Yet the exact contribution of Aβ to AD development remains elusive. Moreover, while extensive cerebral Aβ formation leads to fibril formation in many species, AD-like symptoms apparently depend on the highly conserved N-terminal residues R5, Y10 and H13. The amino acids were also shown to lead to the formation of Aβ-heme complexes, which exhibit peroxidase activity in the presence of H(2)O(2). Taking together these observations we propose that the formation and enzymatic activity of the named complexes may represent an essential aspect of AD pathology. Furthermore, Aβ is also known to lead to cerebral micro-vessel destruction (CAA) as well as to hemolytic events. Thus we suggest that the Aβ-derived cerebral accumulation of blood-derived free heme represents a likely precondition for the subsequent formation of Aβ-heme complexes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6065240 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60652402018-08-09 Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease Flemmig, Jörg Zámocký, Marcel Alia, A Neural Regen Res Review The cerebral formation of Amyloid β (Aβ) is a critical pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An accumulation of this peptide as senile plaques (SP) was already reported by Alois Alzheimer, the discoverer of the disease. Yet the exact contribution of Aβ to AD development remains elusive. Moreover, while extensive cerebral Aβ formation leads to fibril formation in many species, AD-like symptoms apparently depend on the highly conserved N-terminal residues R5, Y10 and H13. The amino acids were also shown to lead to the formation of Aβ-heme complexes, which exhibit peroxidase activity in the presence of H(2)O(2). Taking together these observations we propose that the formation and enzymatic activity of the named complexes may represent an essential aspect of AD pathology. Furthermore, Aβ is also known to lead to cerebral micro-vessel destruction (CAA) as well as to hemolytic events. Thus we suggest that the Aβ-derived cerebral accumulation of blood-derived free heme represents a likely precondition for the subsequent formation of Aβ-heme complexes. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2018-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6065240/ /pubmed/30028317 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.235021 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Flemmig, Jörg Zámocký, Marcel Alia, A Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease |
title | Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease |
title_full | Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease |
title_fullStr | Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease |
title_short | Amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease |
title_sort | amyloid β and free heme: bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of alzheimer’s disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6065240/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30028317 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.235021 |
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