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Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are currently under intense investigation for biomedical and biotechnology applications, thanks to their ease in preparation, stability, biocompatibility, multiple surface functionalities, and size-dependent optical properties. The most commonly used method for AuNP synthe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6068536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30002306 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072246 |
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author | Contreras-Trigo, Braulio Díaz-García, Víctor Guzmán-Gutierrez, Enrique Sanhueza, Ignacio Coelho, Pablo Godoy, Sebastián E. Torres, Sergio Oyarzún, Patricio |
author_facet | Contreras-Trigo, Braulio Díaz-García, Víctor Guzmán-Gutierrez, Enrique Sanhueza, Ignacio Coelho, Pablo Godoy, Sebastián E. Torres, Sergio Oyarzún, Patricio |
author_sort | Contreras-Trigo, Braulio |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are currently under intense investigation for biomedical and biotechnology applications, thanks to their ease in preparation, stability, biocompatibility, multiple surface functionalities, and size-dependent optical properties. The most commonly used method for AuNP synthesis in aqueous solution is the reduction of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl(4)) with trisodium citrate. We have observed variations in the pH and in the concentration of the gold colloidal suspension synthesized under standard conditions, verifying a reduction in the reaction yield by around 46% from pH 5.3 (2.4 nM) to pH 4.7 (1.29 nM). Citrate-capped AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, TEM, EDS, and zeta-potential measurements, revealing a linear correlation between pH and the concentration of the generated AuNPs. This result can be attributed to the adverse effect of protons both on citrate oxidation and on citrate adsorption onto the gold surface, which is required to form the stabilization layer. Overall, this study provides insight into the effect of the pH over the synthesis performance of the method, which would be of particular interest from the point of view of large-scale manufacturing processes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6068536 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60685362018-08-07 Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method Contreras-Trigo, Braulio Díaz-García, Víctor Guzmán-Gutierrez, Enrique Sanhueza, Ignacio Coelho, Pablo Godoy, Sebastián E. Torres, Sergio Oyarzún, Patricio Sensors (Basel) Communication Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are currently under intense investigation for biomedical and biotechnology applications, thanks to their ease in preparation, stability, biocompatibility, multiple surface functionalities, and size-dependent optical properties. The most commonly used method for AuNP synthesis in aqueous solution is the reduction of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl(4)) with trisodium citrate. We have observed variations in the pH and in the concentration of the gold colloidal suspension synthesized under standard conditions, verifying a reduction in the reaction yield by around 46% from pH 5.3 (2.4 nM) to pH 4.7 (1.29 nM). Citrate-capped AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, TEM, EDS, and zeta-potential measurements, revealing a linear correlation between pH and the concentration of the generated AuNPs. This result can be attributed to the adverse effect of protons both on citrate oxidation and on citrate adsorption onto the gold surface, which is required to form the stabilization layer. Overall, this study provides insight into the effect of the pH over the synthesis performance of the method, which would be of particular interest from the point of view of large-scale manufacturing processes. MDPI 2018-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6068536/ /pubmed/30002306 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072246 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Contreras-Trigo, Braulio Díaz-García, Víctor Guzmán-Gutierrez, Enrique Sanhueza, Ignacio Coelho, Pablo Godoy, Sebastián E. Torres, Sergio Oyarzún, Patricio Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method |
title | Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method |
title_full | Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method |
title_fullStr | Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method |
title_full_unstemmed | Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method |
title_short | Slight pH Fluctuations in the Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Process Influence the Performance of the Citrate Reduction Method |
title_sort | slight ph fluctuations in the gold nanoparticle synthesis process influence the performance of the citrate reduction method |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6068536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30002306 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072246 |
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