Prenatal diagnosis of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma associated with tuberous sclerosis: A case report

Cardiac tumors are rarely diagnosed in utero. Rhabdomyomas are the most common fetal cardiac tumors. They are usually diagnosed during the first year of life after obstruction of a valve orifice or a cardiac chamber; but they can be detected by echocardiography as early as the second trimester. Rhabdomyomas are usually small. Fetal hydrops and pericardial effusion are rare. The most important indication of tuberous sclerosis in the prenatal period is cardiac rhabdomyoma. Early diagnosis of cardiac rhabdomyoma is thus important for early diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. This case report concerns the prenatal diagnosis of both multiple fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas and tuberous sclerosis.