Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome

Muscle mass, strength, and physical function are known to decline with age. This is associated with the development of geriatric syndromes including sarcopenia and frailty. Dietary protein is essential for skeletal muscle function. Resistance exercise appears to be the most beneficial form of physic...

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Autores principales: Ni Lochlainn, Mary, Bowyer, Ruth C. E., Steves, Claire J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6073774/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30036990
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10070929
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author Ni Lochlainn, Mary
Bowyer, Ruth C. E.
Steves, Claire J.
author_facet Ni Lochlainn, Mary
Bowyer, Ruth C. E.
Steves, Claire J.
author_sort Ni Lochlainn, Mary
collection PubMed
description Muscle mass, strength, and physical function are known to decline with age. This is associated with the development of geriatric syndromes including sarcopenia and frailty. Dietary protein is essential for skeletal muscle function. Resistance exercise appears to be the most beneficial form of physical activity for preserving skeletal muscle and a synergistic effect has been noted when this is combined with dietary protein. However, older adults have shown evidence of anabolic resistance, where greater amounts of protein are required to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, and response is variable. Thus, the recommended daily amount of protein is greater for older people. The aetiologies and mechanisms responsible for anabolic resistance are not fully understood. The gut microbiota is implicated in many of the postulated mechanisms for anabolic resistance, either directly or indirectly. The gut microbiota change with age, and are influenced by dietary protein. Research also implies a role for the gut microbiome in skeletal muscle function. This leads to the hypothesis that the gut microbiome might modulate individual response to protein in the diet. We summarise the existing evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in anabolic resistance and skeletal muscle in aging people, and introduce the metabolome as a tool to probe this relationship in the future.
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spelling pubmed-60737742018-08-13 Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome Ni Lochlainn, Mary Bowyer, Ruth C. E. Steves, Claire J. Nutrients Review Muscle mass, strength, and physical function are known to decline with age. This is associated with the development of geriatric syndromes including sarcopenia and frailty. Dietary protein is essential for skeletal muscle function. Resistance exercise appears to be the most beneficial form of physical activity for preserving skeletal muscle and a synergistic effect has been noted when this is combined with dietary protein. However, older adults have shown evidence of anabolic resistance, where greater amounts of protein are required to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, and response is variable. Thus, the recommended daily amount of protein is greater for older people. The aetiologies and mechanisms responsible for anabolic resistance are not fully understood. The gut microbiota is implicated in many of the postulated mechanisms for anabolic resistance, either directly or indirectly. The gut microbiota change with age, and are influenced by dietary protein. Research also implies a role for the gut microbiome in skeletal muscle function. This leads to the hypothesis that the gut microbiome might modulate individual response to protein in the diet. We summarise the existing evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in anabolic resistance and skeletal muscle in aging people, and introduce the metabolome as a tool to probe this relationship in the future. MDPI 2018-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6073774/ /pubmed/30036990 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10070929 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ni Lochlainn, Mary
Bowyer, Ruth C. E.
Steves, Claire J.
Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome
title Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome
title_full Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome
title_fullStr Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome
title_short Dietary Protein and Muscle in Aging People: The Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome
title_sort dietary protein and muscle in aging people: the potential role of the gut microbiome
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6073774/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30036990
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10070929
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