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The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential as a regenerative therapy for stroke, leading to increased repair and functional recovery in animal models of cerebral ischaemia. While it was initially hypothesised that cell replacement was an important mechanism of action of MSCs, focus has shift...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cunningham, Catriona J, Redondo-Castro, Elena, Allan, Stuart M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6077926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29768965
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X18776802
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author Cunningham, Catriona J
Redondo-Castro, Elena
Allan, Stuart M
author_facet Cunningham, Catriona J
Redondo-Castro, Elena
Allan, Stuart M
author_sort Cunningham, Catriona J
collection PubMed
description Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential as a regenerative therapy for stroke, leading to increased repair and functional recovery in animal models of cerebral ischaemia. While it was initially hypothesised that cell replacement was an important mechanism of action of MSCs, focus has shifted to their paracrine actions or the so called “bystander” effect. MSCs secrete a wide array of growth factors, chemokines, cytokines and extracellular vesicles, commonly referred to as the MSC secretome. There is evidence suggesting the MSC secretome can promote repair through a number of mechanisms including preventing cell apoptosis, modulating the inflammatory response and promoting endogenous repair mechanisms such as angiogenesis and neurogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the in vitro approaches currently being employed to drive the MSC secretome towards a more anti-inflammatory and regenerative phenotype. We will then examine the role of the secretome in promoting repair and improving recovery in preclinical models of cerebral ischaemia.
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spelling pubmed-60779262018-08-13 The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke Cunningham, Catriona J Redondo-Castro, Elena Allan, Stuart M J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Review Articles Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential as a regenerative therapy for stroke, leading to increased repair and functional recovery in animal models of cerebral ischaemia. While it was initially hypothesised that cell replacement was an important mechanism of action of MSCs, focus has shifted to their paracrine actions or the so called “bystander” effect. MSCs secrete a wide array of growth factors, chemokines, cytokines and extracellular vesicles, commonly referred to as the MSC secretome. There is evidence suggesting the MSC secretome can promote repair through a number of mechanisms including preventing cell apoptosis, modulating the inflammatory response and promoting endogenous repair mechanisms such as angiogenesis and neurogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the in vitro approaches currently being employed to drive the MSC secretome towards a more anti-inflammatory and regenerative phenotype. We will then examine the role of the secretome in promoting repair and improving recovery in preclinical models of cerebral ischaemia. SAGE Publications 2018-05-17 2018-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6077926/ /pubmed/29768965 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X18776802 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review Articles
Cunningham, Catriona J
Redondo-Castro, Elena
Allan, Stuart M
The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
title The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
title_full The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
title_fullStr The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
title_full_unstemmed The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
title_short The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
title_sort therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6077926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29768965
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X18776802
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