Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite and gingival crevicular fluid resistin and serum resistin levels in obese and normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis

BACKGROUND: The hyperoxidative and a modified inflammatory state in obese individuals cause higher susceptibility to bacterial infection which influences the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. AIM: Our study was aimed to evaluate the role of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the clinical parameters such as gingival index (GI), plaque index, pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) levels, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) resistin and serum resistin levels in obese or overweight and normal weight individuals with periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty individuals of age between 35 and 45 years of both the sexes were selected and categorized into two groups as thirty overweight or obese individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group I) and thirty normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group II). Clinical parameters, plasma ROM levels, and serum and GCF resistin levels were assessed at baseline and 2 months after periodontal therapy in both the groups and compared. RESULTS: Intergroup comparison of clinical parameters (GI, CAL, PPD) 2 months after therapy showed a significant difference with more reduction in Group II compared to Group I. On comparison, mean plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels at baseline was higher in Group I compared to Group II. When plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels were compared 2 months after therapy, the reduction was more in Group II compared to Group I. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that along with periodontal therapy, motivation of patients for weight reduction program is mandatory for obese or overweight individuals with periodontitis in order to improve periodontal health.