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Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen
From 2009, Candida auris has emerged as a multidrug‐resistant ascomycete yeast pathogen with the capacity for easy transmission between patients and hospitals, as well as persistence on environmental surfaces. Its association with high mortalities, breakthrough and persistent candidaemia, inconsiste...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6079168/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29345117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.578 |
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author | Osei Sekyere, John |
author_facet | Osei Sekyere, John |
author_sort | Osei Sekyere, John |
collection | PubMed |
description | From 2009, Candida auris has emerged as a multidrug‐resistant ascomycete yeast pathogen with the capacity for easy transmission between patients and hospitals, as well as persistence on environmental surfaces. Its association with high mortalities, breakthrough and persistent candidaemia, inconsistencies in susceptibility testing results, misidentification by available commercial identification systems and treatment failure, complicates its management and detection. Within the last nine years, C. auris has been increasingly reported from far‐Eastern Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Europe, South and North America with substantial fatalities and misidentification. Herein, I provide a systematic and thorough review of this emerging pathogen. Meta‐analysis showed that at least 742 C. auris isolates have been reported in 16 countries, with most of these being from India (≥243), USA (≥232) and UK (≥103) (p‐value = .0355) within 2013–2017. Most isolates were from males (64.76%) (p‐value = .0329) and blood (67.48%) (p‐value < .0001), with substantial crude mortality (29.75%) (p‐value = .0488). Affected patients presented with other comorbidities: diabetes (≥52), sepsis (≥48), lung diseases (≥39), kidney diseases (≥32) etc. (p‐value < .0001). Resistance to fluconazole (44.29%), amphotericin B (15.46%), voriconazole (12.67%), caspofungin (3.48%) etc. were common (p‐value = .0059). Commonly used diagnostic tools included PCR (30.38%), Bruker MALDI‐TOF MS (14.00%), Vitek 2 YST ID (11.93%), AFLP (11.55%) and WGS (10.04%) (p‐value = .002). Multidrug resistance, high attributable mortality and persistence are associated with C. auris infections. Two novel drugs, SCY‐078 and VT‐1598, are currently in the pipeline. Contact precautions, strict infection control, periodic surveillance and cleaning with chlorine‐based detergents, efficient, faster and cheaper detection tools are necessary for prevention, containment and early diagnosis of C. auris infections. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6079168 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60791682018-08-09 Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen Osei Sekyere, John Microbiologyopen Original Research From 2009, Candida auris has emerged as a multidrug‐resistant ascomycete yeast pathogen with the capacity for easy transmission between patients and hospitals, as well as persistence on environmental surfaces. Its association with high mortalities, breakthrough and persistent candidaemia, inconsistencies in susceptibility testing results, misidentification by available commercial identification systems and treatment failure, complicates its management and detection. Within the last nine years, C. auris has been increasingly reported from far‐Eastern Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Europe, South and North America with substantial fatalities and misidentification. Herein, I provide a systematic and thorough review of this emerging pathogen. Meta‐analysis showed that at least 742 C. auris isolates have been reported in 16 countries, with most of these being from India (≥243), USA (≥232) and UK (≥103) (p‐value = .0355) within 2013–2017. Most isolates were from males (64.76%) (p‐value = .0329) and blood (67.48%) (p‐value < .0001), with substantial crude mortality (29.75%) (p‐value = .0488). Affected patients presented with other comorbidities: diabetes (≥52), sepsis (≥48), lung diseases (≥39), kidney diseases (≥32) etc. (p‐value < .0001). Resistance to fluconazole (44.29%), amphotericin B (15.46%), voriconazole (12.67%), caspofungin (3.48%) etc. were common (p‐value = .0059). Commonly used diagnostic tools included PCR (30.38%), Bruker MALDI‐TOF MS (14.00%), Vitek 2 YST ID (11.93%), AFLP (11.55%) and WGS (10.04%) (p‐value = .002). Multidrug resistance, high attributable mortality and persistence are associated with C. auris infections. Two novel drugs, SCY‐078 and VT‐1598, are currently in the pipeline. Contact precautions, strict infection control, periodic surveillance and cleaning with chlorine‐based detergents, efficient, faster and cheaper detection tools are necessary for prevention, containment and early diagnosis of C. auris infections. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6079168/ /pubmed/29345117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.578 Text en © 2018 The Author. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Osei Sekyere, John Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
title |
Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
title_full |
Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
title_fullStr |
Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
title_full_unstemmed |
Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
title_short |
Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
title_sort | candida auris: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6079168/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29345117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.578 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT oseisekyerejohn candidaaurisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofcurrentupdatesonanemergingmultidrugresistantpathogen |