Cargando…

The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase

OBJECTIVES: M(4) muscarinic receptors (MR) presumably play a role in motor coordination. Previous studies have shown different results depending on genetic background and number of backcrosses. However, no attention has been given to biorhythms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We therefore analyzed biorhythms...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Valuskova, Paulina, Forczek, Sandor T., Farar, Vladimir, Myslivecek, Jaromir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6085911/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29978954
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1057
_version_ 1783346417936367616
author Valuskova, Paulina
Forczek, Sandor T.
Farar, Vladimir
Myslivecek, Jaromir
author_facet Valuskova, Paulina
Forczek, Sandor T.
Farar, Vladimir
Myslivecek, Jaromir
author_sort Valuskova, Paulina
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: M(4) muscarinic receptors (MR) presumably play a role in motor coordination. Previous studies have shown different results depending on genetic background and number of backcrosses. However, no attention has been given to biorhythms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We therefore analyzed biorhythms under a light/dark cycle obtained telemetrically in intact animals (activity, body temperature) in M(4) KO mice growth on the C57Bl6 background using ChronosFit software. Studying pure effects of gene knockout in daily rhythms is especially important knowledge for pharmacological/behavioral studies in which drugs are usually tested in the morning. RESULTS: We show that M(4) KO mice motor activity does not differ substantially from wild‐type mice during light period while in the dark phase (mice active part of the day), the M(4) KO mice reveal biorhythm changes in many parameters. Moreover, these differences are sex‐dependent and are evident in females only. Mesor, night–day difference, and night value were doubled or tripled when comparing female KO versus male KO. Our in vitro autoradiography demonstrates that M(4) MR proportion represents 24% in the motor cortex (MOCx), 30% in the somatosensory cortex, 50% in the striatum, 69% in the thalamus, and 48% in the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL). The M(4) MR densities were negligible in the subparaventricular zone, the posterior hypothalamic area, and in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that cholinergic signaling at M(4) MR in brain structures such as striatum, MOCx, and probably with the important participation of IGL significantly control motor activity biorhythm. Animal activity differs in the light and dark phases, which should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6085911
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-60859112018-08-16 The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase Valuskova, Paulina Forczek, Sandor T. Farar, Vladimir Myslivecek, Jaromir Brain Behav Original Research OBJECTIVES: M(4) muscarinic receptors (MR) presumably play a role in motor coordination. Previous studies have shown different results depending on genetic background and number of backcrosses. However, no attention has been given to biorhythms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We therefore analyzed biorhythms under a light/dark cycle obtained telemetrically in intact animals (activity, body temperature) in M(4) KO mice growth on the C57Bl6 background using ChronosFit software. Studying pure effects of gene knockout in daily rhythms is especially important knowledge for pharmacological/behavioral studies in which drugs are usually tested in the morning. RESULTS: We show that M(4) KO mice motor activity does not differ substantially from wild‐type mice during light period while in the dark phase (mice active part of the day), the M(4) KO mice reveal biorhythm changes in many parameters. Moreover, these differences are sex‐dependent and are evident in females only. Mesor, night–day difference, and night value were doubled or tripled when comparing female KO versus male KO. Our in vitro autoradiography demonstrates that M(4) MR proportion represents 24% in the motor cortex (MOCx), 30% in the somatosensory cortex, 50% in the striatum, 69% in the thalamus, and 48% in the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL). The M(4) MR densities were negligible in the subparaventricular zone, the posterior hypothalamic area, and in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that cholinergic signaling at M(4) MR in brain structures such as striatum, MOCx, and probably with the important participation of IGL significantly control motor activity biorhythm. Animal activity differs in the light and dark phases, which should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6085911/ /pubmed/29978954 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1057 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Valuskova, Paulina
Forczek, Sandor T.
Farar, Vladimir
Myslivecek, Jaromir
The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
title The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
title_full The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
title_fullStr The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
title_full_unstemmed The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
title_short The deletion of M(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
title_sort deletion of m(4) muscarinic receptors increases motor activity in females in the dark phase
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6085911/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29978954
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1057
work_keys_str_mv AT valuskovapaulina thedeletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT forczeksandort thedeletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT fararvladimir thedeletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT myslivecekjaromir thedeletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT valuskovapaulina deletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT forczeksandort deletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT fararvladimir deletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase
AT myslivecekjaromir deletionofm4muscarinicreceptorsincreasesmotoractivityinfemalesinthedarkphase