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Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia
BACKGROUND: The isolation of Extended spectrum βlactamase (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers and their implication as sources of food borne outbreaks are a public health concern. This study seeks to investigate the prevalence of faecal carriage of these bacteria among food hand...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089431/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30102698 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200894 |
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author | Sanneh, Bakary Kebbeh, Abou Jallow, Haruna S. Camara, Yaya Mwamakamba, Lusubilo Witson Ceesay, Ida Fatou Barrow, Ebrima Sowe, Fatou O. Sambou, Sana M. Baldeh, Ignatius Jallow, Alpha Jorge Raul, Matheu Alvarez Andremont, Antoine |
author_facet | Sanneh, Bakary Kebbeh, Abou Jallow, Haruna S. Camara, Yaya Mwamakamba, Lusubilo Witson Ceesay, Ida Fatou Barrow, Ebrima Sowe, Fatou O. Sambou, Sana M. Baldeh, Ignatius Jallow, Alpha Jorge Raul, Matheu Alvarez Andremont, Antoine |
author_sort | Sanneh, Bakary |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The isolation of Extended spectrum βlactamase (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers and their implication as sources of food borne outbreaks are a public health concern. This study seeks to investigate the prevalence of faecal carriage of these bacteria among food handlers in the West Coast Region of The Gambia. METHOD: This study enrolled 600 participants from 60 Lower Basic Schools in West Coast Region of the country. Stool samples collected from the participants were presumptively screened for the ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae, using Drigalski agar, supplemented with 2mg/L cefotaxime. The bacterial colonies that grew on each Drigalski agar were tested for ESBL production by the double disk synergy test as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI-2015). The confirmatory analysis for ESBL was determined as the zone of inhibition of cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime to ≥5mm from that of cefotaxime /clavulanicacid and/or ceftazidime/clavulanic acid. The presumptive screening of isolates for AmpC phenotypes was done by testing the organism against cefoxitin. The prevalence of the ESBL carriage was presented in percentages. The association of risk factors to the faecal carriage of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae was performed by Pearson Chi-squared and Fishers Exact at (p ≤ 0.05). RESULT: The prevalence of faecal carriage ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers was 5.0% (28/565). We found50% (14/28) and3.57% (1/28) ESBL producing bacteria were presumptive AmpC and carbapenemase resistance phenotype. Themost abundant ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae were Klebsiella spp 32.1% (9/28) and Escherichia spp 28.6% (8/28). The use of antibiotics in the last 3 months was found to be significantly associated (P = 0.012) with the faecal carriage of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of faecal carriage of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in the Gambia is low. The history to use of the antibiotics in the last three months was found to be significantly associated with this prevalence. Therefore, the institution of a robust antimicrobial surveillance and treatment of patients with such infections are necessary to curb the spread of these multidrug resistant bacteria in the country. Rational prescription and usage of the antibiotics especially cephalosporin should be advocated both in public and private health facilities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6089431 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60894312018-08-30 Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia Sanneh, Bakary Kebbeh, Abou Jallow, Haruna S. Camara, Yaya Mwamakamba, Lusubilo Witson Ceesay, Ida Fatou Barrow, Ebrima Sowe, Fatou O. Sambou, Sana M. Baldeh, Ignatius Jallow, Alpha Jorge Raul, Matheu Alvarez Andremont, Antoine PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The isolation of Extended spectrum βlactamase (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers and their implication as sources of food borne outbreaks are a public health concern. This study seeks to investigate the prevalence of faecal carriage of these bacteria among food handlers in the West Coast Region of The Gambia. METHOD: This study enrolled 600 participants from 60 Lower Basic Schools in West Coast Region of the country. Stool samples collected from the participants were presumptively screened for the ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae, using Drigalski agar, supplemented with 2mg/L cefotaxime. The bacterial colonies that grew on each Drigalski agar were tested for ESBL production by the double disk synergy test as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI-2015). The confirmatory analysis for ESBL was determined as the zone of inhibition of cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime to ≥5mm from that of cefotaxime /clavulanicacid and/or ceftazidime/clavulanic acid. The presumptive screening of isolates for AmpC phenotypes was done by testing the organism against cefoxitin. The prevalence of the ESBL carriage was presented in percentages. The association of risk factors to the faecal carriage of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae was performed by Pearson Chi-squared and Fishers Exact at (p ≤ 0.05). RESULT: The prevalence of faecal carriage ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers was 5.0% (28/565). We found50% (14/28) and3.57% (1/28) ESBL producing bacteria were presumptive AmpC and carbapenemase resistance phenotype. Themost abundant ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae were Klebsiella spp 32.1% (9/28) and Escherichia spp 28.6% (8/28). The use of antibiotics in the last 3 months was found to be significantly associated (P = 0.012) with the faecal carriage of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of faecal carriage of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in the Gambia is low. The history to use of the antibiotics in the last three months was found to be significantly associated with this prevalence. Therefore, the institution of a robust antimicrobial surveillance and treatment of patients with such infections are necessary to curb the spread of these multidrug resistant bacteria in the country. Rational prescription and usage of the antibiotics especially cephalosporin should be advocated both in public and private health facilities. Public Library of Science 2018-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6089431/ /pubmed/30102698 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200894 Text en © 2018 Sanneh et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Sanneh, Bakary Kebbeh, Abou Jallow, Haruna S. Camara, Yaya Mwamakamba, Lusubilo Witson Ceesay, Ida Fatou Barrow, Ebrima Sowe, Fatou O. Sambou, Sana M. Baldeh, Ignatius Jallow, Alpha Jorge Raul, Matheu Alvarez Andremont, Antoine Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia |
title | Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia |
title_full | Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia |
title_fullStr | Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia |
title_short | Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia |
title_sort | prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in west coast region of the gambia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089431/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30102698 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200894 |
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