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Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is highly malignant and poorly differentiated, resulting in a high frequency of local recurrence and distant metastases. Sox2 (Sry-box2), an important factor in embryonic development and cell differentiation, has been shown to associate with malignant phenotypes...

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Autores principales: Liu, Xingguang, Qiao, Bin, Zhao, Tengda, Hu, Fengchun, Lam, Alfred King-Yin, Tao, Qian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: D.A. Spandidos 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29956740
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3742
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author Liu, Xingguang
Qiao, Bin
Zhao, Tengda
Hu, Fengchun
Lam, Alfred King-Yin
Tao, Qian
author_facet Liu, Xingguang
Qiao, Bin
Zhao, Tengda
Hu, Fengchun
Lam, Alfred King-Yin
Tao, Qian
author_sort Liu, Xingguang
collection PubMed
description Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is highly malignant and poorly differentiated, resulting in a high frequency of local recurrence and distant metastases. Sox2 (Sry-box2), an important factor in embryonic development and cell differentiation, has been shown to associate with malignant phenotypes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression in numerous types of human tumors. However, the clinical relevance and molecular mechanisms of Sox2 in TSCC remain unclear. In the present study, the expression levels of Sox2 were assessed in 61 pairs of TSCC samples and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemical methods. Associations between Sox2 expression and clinicopathological features were evaluated. Furthermore, Sox2 was overexpressed and inhibited using full-length Sox2 cDNA and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection in UM2 and Cal27 cell lines, respectively. The malignant phenotypes were assessed by plate clone formation assays, wound-healing assays and Transwell assays. EMT markers (E-cadherin, vimentin, Twist, Slug and Snail) and β-catenin were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis following the alterations of Sox2 expression. The results indicated that Sox2 expression was markedly upregulated in TSCC samples and was significantly associated with tumor growth (pT stage), cell differentiation, lymphatic metastasis (pN stage) and clinical stage (pTNM stage). Cal27-shRNA-Sox2 cells not only exhibited a decreased capacity for cell proliferation, but also suppressed cell migration and invasion, and an attenuated colony formation capacity. By contrast, UM2-Sox2 cells exhibited accelerated cell malignant phenotypes and EMT progression. Moreover, when the expression of Sox2 was decreased by shRNA transduction, β-catenin expression was attenuated. An opposing phenomenon was observed in UM2-Sox2 cells. In conclusion, this study suggests that Sox2 expression serves a role in TSCC malignant phenotypes and EMT progression, and that β-catenin may act as a modulated factor in this progression.
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spelling pubmed-60897832018-08-16 Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma Liu, Xingguang Qiao, Bin Zhao, Tengda Hu, Fengchun Lam, Alfred King-Yin Tao, Qian Int J Mol Med Articles Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is highly malignant and poorly differentiated, resulting in a high frequency of local recurrence and distant metastases. Sox2 (Sry-box2), an important factor in embryonic development and cell differentiation, has been shown to associate with malignant phenotypes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression in numerous types of human tumors. However, the clinical relevance and molecular mechanisms of Sox2 in TSCC remain unclear. In the present study, the expression levels of Sox2 were assessed in 61 pairs of TSCC samples and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemical methods. Associations between Sox2 expression and clinicopathological features were evaluated. Furthermore, Sox2 was overexpressed and inhibited using full-length Sox2 cDNA and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection in UM2 and Cal27 cell lines, respectively. The malignant phenotypes were assessed by plate clone formation assays, wound-healing assays and Transwell assays. EMT markers (E-cadherin, vimentin, Twist, Slug and Snail) and β-catenin were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis following the alterations of Sox2 expression. The results indicated that Sox2 expression was markedly upregulated in TSCC samples and was significantly associated with tumor growth (pT stage), cell differentiation, lymphatic metastasis (pN stage) and clinical stage (pTNM stage). Cal27-shRNA-Sox2 cells not only exhibited a decreased capacity for cell proliferation, but also suppressed cell migration and invasion, and an attenuated colony formation capacity. By contrast, UM2-Sox2 cells exhibited accelerated cell malignant phenotypes and EMT progression. Moreover, when the expression of Sox2 was decreased by shRNA transduction, β-catenin expression was attenuated. An opposing phenomenon was observed in UM2-Sox2 cells. In conclusion, this study suggests that Sox2 expression serves a role in TSCC malignant phenotypes and EMT progression, and that β-catenin may act as a modulated factor in this progression. D.A. Spandidos 2018-09 2018-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6089783/ /pubmed/29956740 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3742 Text en Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Articles
Liu, Xingguang
Qiao, Bin
Zhao, Tengda
Hu, Fengchun
Lam, Alfred King-Yin
Tao, Qian
Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
title Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
title_full Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
title_fullStr Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
title_short Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
title_sort sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29956740
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3742
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