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Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research

Anecdotes abound regarding the decline of basic research in industrial and governmental settings, but very little empirical evidence exists about the phenomenon. This article provides a systematic and historical analysis of the contribution of various institutional sectors to knowledge production at...

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Autores principales: Larivière, Vincent, Macaluso, Benoit, Mongeon, Philippe, Siler, Kyle, Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6091964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30107002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202120
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author Larivière, Vincent
Macaluso, Benoit
Mongeon, Philippe
Siler, Kyle
Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
author_facet Larivière, Vincent
Macaluso, Benoit
Mongeon, Philippe
Siler, Kyle
Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
author_sort Larivière, Vincent
collection PubMed
description Anecdotes abound regarding the decline of basic research in industrial and governmental settings, but very little empirical evidence exists about the phenomenon. This article provides a systematic and historical analysis of the contribution of various institutional sectors to knowledge production at the world and country levels across the past four decades. It highlights a dramatic decline in the diffusion of basic research by industrial and governmental sectors across all countries—with a corresponding increase in the share from universities—as well as an increase of partnerships between universities and other sectors. Results also shows an increase in the relative share of industries in applied research, as measured through patents. Such divergence in university and industry research activities may hinder industries’ ability to translate basic knowledge into technological innovation, and could lead to a growing misalignment between doctoral training and future job expectations. Industries and universities must rethink strategies for partnerships and publishing to maximize scientific progress and to ensure the greatest gains for society.
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spelling pubmed-60919642018-08-30 Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research Larivière, Vincent Macaluso, Benoit Mongeon, Philippe Siler, Kyle Sugimoto, Cassidy R. PLoS One Research Article Anecdotes abound regarding the decline of basic research in industrial and governmental settings, but very little empirical evidence exists about the phenomenon. This article provides a systematic and historical analysis of the contribution of various institutional sectors to knowledge production at the world and country levels across the past four decades. It highlights a dramatic decline in the diffusion of basic research by industrial and governmental sectors across all countries—with a corresponding increase in the share from universities—as well as an increase of partnerships between universities and other sectors. Results also shows an increase in the relative share of industries in applied research, as measured through patents. Such divergence in university and industry research activities may hinder industries’ ability to translate basic knowledge into technological innovation, and could lead to a growing misalignment between doctoral training and future job expectations. Industries and universities must rethink strategies for partnerships and publishing to maximize scientific progress and to ensure the greatest gains for society. Public Library of Science 2018-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6091964/ /pubmed/30107002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202120 Text en © 2018 Larivière et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Larivière, Vincent
Macaluso, Benoit
Mongeon, Philippe
Siler, Kyle
Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
title Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
title_full Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
title_fullStr Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
title_full_unstemmed Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
title_short Vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
title_sort vanishing industries and the rising monopoly of universities in published research
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6091964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30107002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202120
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