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Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Patients with schizophrenia not only have psychiatric symptoms, but also have movement problems, which might also be associated with their reduced quality of life. Little is known about how to improve their movement performance for patients. Manipulating object size and distanc...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6091986/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30186083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1569186118759610 |
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author | Wang, Shu-Mei Kuo, Li-Chieh Ouyang, Wen-Chen Hsu, Hsiao-Man Ma, Hui-Ing |
author_facet | Wang, Shu-Mei Kuo, Li-Chieh Ouyang, Wen-Chen Hsu, Hsiao-Man Ma, Hui-Ing |
author_sort | Wang, Shu-Mei |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Patients with schizophrenia not only have psychiatric symptoms, but also have movement problems, which might also be associated with their reduced quality of life. Little is known about how to improve their movement performance for patients. Manipulating object size and distance is common in occupational therapy practice to evaluate and optimize reaching performance in patients with physical disabilities, but effects of the manipulation in patients with schizophrenia remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine whether object size and distance could change performance of reaching kinematics in patients with mild schizophrenia. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with mild schizophrenia and 15 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were required to reach for, as quickly as possible, a small or large object that was placed at a near or far distance. We measured movement time, peak velocity, path length ratio, percentage of time to peak velocity, and movement units to infer movement speed, forcefulness, spatial efficiency (directness), control strategies, and smoothness. RESULTS: Patients’ reaching movements were slower (p = .017) and less direct (p = .007) than those of controls. A larger object induced faster (p = .016), more preprogrammed (p = .018), and more forceful (p = .010) movements in patients. A farther object induced slower, more feedback dependent, but more forceful and more direct movements (all p < .001). CONCLUSION: The results of kinematic deficiencies suggest the need of movement training for patients with mild schizophrenia. Occupational therapists may grade or adapt reaching activities by changing object size and distance to enhance movement performance in patients with schizophrenia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6091986 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60919862018-09-05 Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia Wang, Shu-Mei Kuo, Li-Chieh Ouyang, Wen-Chen Hsu, Hsiao-Man Ma, Hui-Ing Hong Kong J Occup Ther Articles BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Patients with schizophrenia not only have psychiatric symptoms, but also have movement problems, which might also be associated with their reduced quality of life. Little is known about how to improve their movement performance for patients. Manipulating object size and distance is common in occupational therapy practice to evaluate and optimize reaching performance in patients with physical disabilities, but effects of the manipulation in patients with schizophrenia remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine whether object size and distance could change performance of reaching kinematics in patients with mild schizophrenia. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with mild schizophrenia and 15 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were required to reach for, as quickly as possible, a small or large object that was placed at a near or far distance. We measured movement time, peak velocity, path length ratio, percentage of time to peak velocity, and movement units to infer movement speed, forcefulness, spatial efficiency (directness), control strategies, and smoothness. RESULTS: Patients’ reaching movements were slower (p = .017) and less direct (p = .007) than those of controls. A larger object induced faster (p = .016), more preprogrammed (p = .018), and more forceful (p = .010) movements in patients. A farther object induced slower, more feedback dependent, but more forceful and more direct movements (all p < .001). CONCLUSION: The results of kinematic deficiencies suggest the need of movement training for patients with mild schizophrenia. Occupational therapists may grade or adapt reaching activities by changing object size and distance to enhance movement performance in patients with schizophrenia. SAGE Publications 2018-03-08 2018-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6091986/ /pubmed/30186083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1569186118759610 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Articles Wang, Shu-Mei Kuo, Li-Chieh Ouyang, Wen-Chen Hsu, Hsiao-Man Ma, Hui-Ing Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
title | Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
title_full | Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
title_fullStr | Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
title_short | Effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
title_sort | effects of object size and distance on reaching kinematics in patients with schizophrenia |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6091986/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30186083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1569186118759610 |
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