The role of physiotherapy in the treatment of HIV-related sensory neuropathy: The perceptions and referral practices of physicians

BACKGROUND: HIV-related peripheral neuropathies are among the most prevalent chronic neurological disorders affecting persons living with HIV and AIDS. In order to improve the physical function and quality of life of those affected by the disease, a holistic or multidisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, has been suggested for the management of neuropathic pain. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore the physicians’ perceptions regarding the role of physiotherapy in the management of patients with HIV-sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) and their referral practices in Tanzania. METHODS: A qualitative study design incorporating purposive sampling was employed in the study. A total of 10 physicians from a hospital in Tanzania agreed to participate in in-depth interviews. RESULTS: Physicians had poor perceptions of the role of physiotherapy in the management of patients with HIV-SN. Their inadequate knowledge of the role of physiotherapy and the limited number of physiotherapists employed negatively influenced their referral of patients with HIV-SN for physiotherapy. CONCLUSION: In Tanzania, referral for physiotherapy is still dependent on medical doctors. Inter-professional learning is imperative for minimising the stereotypes that may exist across professions, hence the need to improve awareness of specific roles in patient management. This could improve knowledge of the role of other professionals in the management and rehabilitation of affected patients and consequently improve perceptions and facilitate referrals of patients with HIV-SN for more integrated care.