Patterns of Single and Multiple Tobacco Product Use Among US Women of Reproductive Age

INTRODUCTION: Understanding patterns of single and multiple tobacco product use among reproductive-aged women is critical given the potential for adverse health effects on mother and infant should a woman become pregnant. METHODS: Patterns of tobacco use over a 2-year period were examined among all women (18–44 years) who completed wave 1 (W1) and wave 2 (W2) of the US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH, 2013–2014, 2014–2015) Study. We examined the most common patterns of single and multiple tobacco product use in W1, and longitudinal trajectories of women engaged in each of these patterns of use from W1 to W2, among women not pregnant in either wave (n = 7480), not pregnant in W1 and pregnant in W2 (n = 332), and pregnant in W1 and not pregnant in W2 (n = 325). RESULTS: The most prevalent patterns of tobacco use in W1 among all three subgroups were using cigarettes alone followed by using cigarettes plus e-cigarettes. In all three subgroups, women using multiple products in W1 were more likely to adopt new use patterns in W2 relative to single-product users, with the new patterns generally involving dropping rather than adding products. The majority of multiple product use included cigarettes, and transitions to single product use typically involved dropping the noncigarette product. The most common trajectory among tobacco users transitioning to or from pregnancy was to use cigarettes alone in W2. DISCUSSION: This study contributes new knowledge characterizing tobacco use patterns across time and reproductive events among reproductive-aged women.