Concurrent occurrence of acute bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema and endocardial fibroelastosis in cattle: A case history and literature review

AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and pathological findings of acute bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema (ABPEE) and left endocardial fibroelastosis in an adult dairy cow. In addition, a review of recent literature of these two conditions is provided. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Necropsy and histopathological examination were performed using conventional techniques. A review of the literature was carried out using internet search engines such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Only published papers in scientific and refereed journals were reviewed. RESULTS: Concurrent pathologies of ABPEE and left endocardial fibroelastosis were described in an adult Holstein Friesian cow. A review of recent literature concerning ABPEE and endocardial fibroelastosis revealed seven and two scientific reports of these conditions in cattle, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although rare, combined pathologies involving multiple organs such as the lungs and heart can be diagnosed in animals on careful clinical and histopathological examinations.