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Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes
Addiction is considered to be a neurobiological disorder of learning and memory because addiction is capable of producing lasting changes in the brain. Recovering addicts chronically struggle with making poor decisions that ultimately lead to relapse, suggesting a view of addiction also as a neurobi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6097760/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30115772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.047795.118 |
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author | Sweis, Brian M. Thomas, Mark J. Redish, A. David |
author_facet | Sweis, Brian M. Thomas, Mark J. Redish, A. David |
author_sort | Sweis, Brian M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Addiction is considered to be a neurobiological disorder of learning and memory because addiction is capable of producing lasting changes in the brain. Recovering addicts chronically struggle with making poor decisions that ultimately lead to relapse, suggesting a view of addiction also as a neurobiological disorder of decision-making information processing. How the brain makes decisions depends on how decision-making processes access information stored as memories in the brain. Advancements in circuit-dissection tools and recent theories in neuroeconomics suggest that neurally dissociable valuation processes access distinct memories differently, and thus are uniquely susceptible as the brain changes during addiction. If addiction is to be considered a neurobiological disorder of memory, and thus decision-making, the heterogeneity with which information is both stored and processed must be taken into account in addiction studies. Addiction etiology can vary widely from person to person. We propose that addiction is not a single disease, nor simply a disorder of learning and memory, but rather a collection of symptoms of heterogeneous neurobiological diseases of distinct circuit-computation-specific decision-making processes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6097760 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60977602019-09-01 Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes Sweis, Brian M. Thomas, Mark J. Redish, A. David Learn Mem Review Addiction is considered to be a neurobiological disorder of learning and memory because addiction is capable of producing lasting changes in the brain. Recovering addicts chronically struggle with making poor decisions that ultimately lead to relapse, suggesting a view of addiction also as a neurobiological disorder of decision-making information processing. How the brain makes decisions depends on how decision-making processes access information stored as memories in the brain. Advancements in circuit-dissection tools and recent theories in neuroeconomics suggest that neurally dissociable valuation processes access distinct memories differently, and thus are uniquely susceptible as the brain changes during addiction. If addiction is to be considered a neurobiological disorder of memory, and thus decision-making, the heterogeneity with which information is both stored and processed must be taken into account in addiction studies. Addiction etiology can vary widely from person to person. We propose that addiction is not a single disease, nor simply a disorder of learning and memory, but rather a collection of symptoms of heterogeneous neurobiological diseases of distinct circuit-computation-specific decision-making processes. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2018-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6097760/ /pubmed/30115772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.047795.118 Text en © 2018 Sweis et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see http://learnmem.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After 12 months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Review Sweis, Brian M. Thomas, Mark J. Redish, A. David Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
title | Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
title_full | Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
title_fullStr | Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
title_full_unstemmed | Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
title_short | Beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
title_sort | beyond simple tests of value: measuring addiction as a heterogeneous disease of computation-specific valuation processes |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6097760/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30115772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.047795.118 |
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