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Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the retinal macula and results in loss of vision, and AMD is the primary cause of blindness and severe visual impairment among elderly people worldwide. AMD is characterized by the accumulation of drusen in the Bruch's membrane and dysfunction of r...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6098907/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30174783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9015765 |
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author | Chang, Chih-Chao Huang, Tien-Yi Chen, Hsin-Yuan Huang, Tsui-Chin Lin, Li-Chun Chang, Yen-Jui Hsia, Shih-Min |
author_facet | Chang, Chih-Chao Huang, Tien-Yi Chen, Hsin-Yuan Huang, Tsui-Chin Lin, Li-Chun Chang, Yen-Jui Hsia, Shih-Min |
author_sort | Chang, Chih-Chao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the retinal macula and results in loss of vision, and AMD is the primary cause of blindness and severe visual impairment among elderly people worldwide. AMD is characterized by the accumulation of drusen in the Bruch's membrane and dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and photoreceptors. The pathogenesis of AMD remains unclear, and no effective treatment exists. Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a critical role in RPE cell degeneration and AMD. Melatonin is an antioxidant that scavenges free radicals, and it has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiangiogenic effects. This study investigated the antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and autophagic effects of melatonin on oxidative damage to RPE cells. We used hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) to stimulate reactive oxygen species production to cause cell apoptosis in ARPE-19 cell lines. Our findings revealed that treatment with melatonin significantly inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced RPE cell damage, decreased the apoptotic rate, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the autophagy effect. Furthermore, melatonin reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression levels of the apoptosis-associated proteins cytochrome c and caspase 7. Additionally, melatonin upregulated the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II and Beclin-1 and downregulated the expression of p62. Thus, melatonin's effects on autophagy and apoptosis can protect against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage in human RPE cells. Melatonin may have multiple protective effects on human RPE cells against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6098907 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60989072018-09-02 Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Chang, Chih-Chao Huang, Tien-Yi Chen, Hsin-Yuan Huang, Tsui-Chin Lin, Li-Chun Chang, Yen-Jui Hsia, Shih-Min Oxid Med Cell Longev Research Article Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the retinal macula and results in loss of vision, and AMD is the primary cause of blindness and severe visual impairment among elderly people worldwide. AMD is characterized by the accumulation of drusen in the Bruch's membrane and dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and photoreceptors. The pathogenesis of AMD remains unclear, and no effective treatment exists. Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a critical role in RPE cell degeneration and AMD. Melatonin is an antioxidant that scavenges free radicals, and it has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiangiogenic effects. This study investigated the antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and autophagic effects of melatonin on oxidative damage to RPE cells. We used hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) to stimulate reactive oxygen species production to cause cell apoptosis in ARPE-19 cell lines. Our findings revealed that treatment with melatonin significantly inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced RPE cell damage, decreased the apoptotic rate, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the autophagy effect. Furthermore, melatonin reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression levels of the apoptosis-associated proteins cytochrome c and caspase 7. Additionally, melatonin upregulated the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II and Beclin-1 and downregulated the expression of p62. Thus, melatonin's effects on autophagy and apoptosis can protect against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage in human RPE cells. Melatonin may have multiple protective effects on human RPE cells against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage. Hindawi 2018-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6098907/ /pubmed/30174783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9015765 Text en Copyright © 2018 Chih-Chao Chang et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Chang, Chih-Chao Huang, Tien-Yi Chen, Hsin-Yuan Huang, Tsui-Chin Lin, Li-Chun Chang, Yen-Jui Hsia, Shih-Min Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells |
title | Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells |
title_full | Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells |
title_fullStr | Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells |
title_short | Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells |
title_sort | protective effect of melatonin against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and enhanced autophagy in human retinal pigment epithelium cells |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6098907/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30174783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9015765 |
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