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Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching
Graphene liquid cell electron microscopy provides the ability to observe nanoscale chemical transformations and dynamics as the reactions are occurring in liquid environments. This manuscript describes the process for making graphene liquid cells through the example of graphene liquid cell transmiss...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MyJove Corporation
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6101270/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29863683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/57665 |
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author | Hauwiller, Matthew R. Ondry, Justin C. Alivisatos, A. Paul |
author_facet | Hauwiller, Matthew R. Ondry, Justin C. Alivisatos, A. Paul |
author_sort | Hauwiller, Matthew R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Graphene liquid cell electron microscopy provides the ability to observe nanoscale chemical transformations and dynamics as the reactions are occurring in liquid environments. This manuscript describes the process for making graphene liquid cells through the example of graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments of gold nanocrystal etching. The protocol for making graphene liquid cells involves coating gold, holey-carbon TEM grids with chemical vapor deposition graphene and then using those graphene-coated grids to encapsulate liquid between two graphene surfaces. These pockets of liquid, with the nanomaterial of interest, are imaged in the electron microscope to see the dynamics of the nanoscale process, in this case the oxidative etching of gold nanorods. By controlling the electron beam dose rate, which modulates the etching species in the liquid cell, the underlying mechanisms of how atoms are removed from nanocrystals to form different facets and shapes can be better understood. Graphene liquid cell TEM has the advantages of high spatial resolution, compatibility with traditional TEM holders, and low start-up costs for research groups. Current limitations include delicate sample preparation, lack of flow capability, and reliance on electron beam-generated radiolysis products to induce reactions. With further development and control, graphene liquid cell may become a ubiquitous technique in nanomaterials and biology, and is already being used to study mechanisms governing growth, etching, and self-assembly processes of nanomaterials in liquid on the single particle level. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6101270 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MyJove Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61012702018-09-11 Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching Hauwiller, Matthew R. Ondry, Justin C. Alivisatos, A. Paul J Vis Exp Chemistry Graphene liquid cell electron microscopy provides the ability to observe nanoscale chemical transformations and dynamics as the reactions are occurring in liquid environments. This manuscript describes the process for making graphene liquid cells through the example of graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments of gold nanocrystal etching. The protocol for making graphene liquid cells involves coating gold, holey-carbon TEM grids with chemical vapor deposition graphene and then using those graphene-coated grids to encapsulate liquid between two graphene surfaces. These pockets of liquid, with the nanomaterial of interest, are imaged in the electron microscope to see the dynamics of the nanoscale process, in this case the oxidative etching of gold nanorods. By controlling the electron beam dose rate, which modulates the etching species in the liquid cell, the underlying mechanisms of how atoms are removed from nanocrystals to form different facets and shapes can be better understood. Graphene liquid cell TEM has the advantages of high spatial resolution, compatibility with traditional TEM holders, and low start-up costs for research groups. Current limitations include delicate sample preparation, lack of flow capability, and reliance on electron beam-generated radiolysis products to induce reactions. With further development and control, graphene liquid cell may become a ubiquitous technique in nanomaterials and biology, and is already being used to study mechanisms governing growth, etching, and self-assembly processes of nanomaterials in liquid on the single particle level. MyJove Corporation 2018-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6101270/ /pubmed/29863683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/57665 Text en Copyright © 2018, Journal of Visualized Experiments http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visithttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/ |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Hauwiller, Matthew R. Ondry, Justin C. Alivisatos, A. Paul Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching |
title | Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching |
title_full | Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching |
title_fullStr | Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching |
title_full_unstemmed | Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching |
title_short | Using Graphene Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study in Situ Nanocrystal Etching |
title_sort | using graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy to study in situ nanocrystal etching |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6101270/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29863683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/57665 |
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