Gastric xanthelasma associated with hyperplastic polyp and mucosal erosions: report of an unusual case and literature review

Gastric xanthelasma is a rare benign tumor-like lesion which is usually observed as an incidental finding due to its asymptomatic presentation. Grossly, it is a well-demarcated yellow-white plaque which is microscopically formed by clusters of foamy macrophages in the lamina propria. The pathogenesis and clinical significance are not clear. Gastric hyperplastic polyps are rarely associated with xanthelasma. Mucosal erosions also appear to have an association with the combined lesions of hyperplastic polyp and xanthelasma. Here, we report a rare case of simultaneous occurrence of gastric xanthoma with hyperplastic polyp and mucosal erosions. The lesions are observed in a 78 years old male who presented with a history of chronic anemia. The histological features together with a literature review of other similar reported cases are described and compared.