Potential Prophylactic Effect of Berberine against Rat Colon Carcinoma Induce by 1,2-Dimethyl Hydrazine

INTRODUCTION: Colon Cancer remains one of the major worldwide causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality in both genders. Berberine (BBR), a major component of alkaloids that possess a variety of pharmacological properties. OBJECTIVE: This study shows the ameliorating roles of berberine on 1,2 Di methyl hydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer in male Swiss albino rats. METHODS: The rats were segregated into four groups: group 1, control rats; group 2, rats were orally received berberine (75 mg/kg b.wt./day) daily for ten weeks; group 3, rats were subcutaneously injected with DMH (20 mg/kg b.wt) once a week for 8 weeks, group 4, rats were treated firstly with berberine for two weeks before DMH intoxication and concurrently with DMH over 8 weeks. RESULT: DMH injection decreased the antioxidants levels (GSH and SOD) and increased inflammatory markers (MPO, MAPK and COX-2). Moreover, it downregulated apoptotic markers (Caspase-3 and P53) expression that confirmed by colon cell proliferation. The prophylactic effect of berberine was noticed as its pre-and co-administration increased antioxidants status and apoptotic markers expression that associated with inflammatory markers down-regulation with absence of proliferated colon cells. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the overall findings proved that the anti-proliferative effect of berberine return to its antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties that activated the programmed cell death process.