Female Fertility Preservation, Clinical and Experimental Options

Recently, due to tremendous progress in prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of different kinds of malignancies, demands on fertility preservation were raised significantly in developed countries. Fertility failure is one of the most detrimental consequences of radio/cytotoxic treatment procedures in women who could overcome their cancer disease. For women who are involved in cancer diseases, there are multiple options regarding their fertility preservation and those could be selected according to patient’s age, the risk of ovarian involvement, the available time and the type of cancer with different levels of advantages and disadvantages. Although there are multiple options, but embryo cryopreservation and ovarian tissue cryopreservation are the most reliable methods for permature and post-mature puberty, respectively. In addition, other approaches like artificial ovary, isolation and cryopreservation of follicles and mature and immature oocyte preservation are under investigations and the success rate of oocyte vitrification is increasing. Therefore, the techniques have the potential to be used in clinic in near future. The presence of comprehensive consultation, before the onset of any kind of cancer treatment procedures, is an indispensable issue which would help patients to make up their mind in choosing the immediate and the best available fertility preservation option.