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Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating disorder, often fatal. Treatment options are few and often do not provide immediate relief to the patients. The increasing involvement of inflammation in the pathology of MDD has provided new potential therapeutic avenues. Cytokine leve...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6107705/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30174579 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00547 |
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author | Medina-Rodriguez, Eva M. Lowell, Jeffrey A. Worthen, Ryan J. Syed, Shariful A. Beurel, Eléonore |
author_facet | Medina-Rodriguez, Eva M. Lowell, Jeffrey A. Worthen, Ryan J. Syed, Shariful A. Beurel, Eléonore |
author_sort | Medina-Rodriguez, Eva M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating disorder, often fatal. Treatment options are few and often do not provide immediate relief to the patients. The increasing involvement of inflammation in the pathology of MDD has provided new potential therapeutic avenues. Cytokine levels are elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of MDD patients whereas immune cells often exhibit an immunosuppressed phenotype in MDD patients. Blocking cytokine actions in patients exhibiting MDD show some antidepressant efficacy. However, the role of cytokines, and the immune response in MDD patients remain to be determined. We reviewed here the roles of the innate and adaptive immune systems in MDD, as well as potential mechanisms whereby the immune response might be regulated in MDD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6107705 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61077052018-08-31 Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression Medina-Rodriguez, Eva M. Lowell, Jeffrey A. Worthen, Ryan J. Syed, Shariful A. Beurel, Eléonore Front Neurosci Neuroscience Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating disorder, often fatal. Treatment options are few and often do not provide immediate relief to the patients. The increasing involvement of inflammation in the pathology of MDD has provided new potential therapeutic avenues. Cytokine levels are elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of MDD patients whereas immune cells often exhibit an immunosuppressed phenotype in MDD patients. Blocking cytokine actions in patients exhibiting MDD show some antidepressant efficacy. However, the role of cytokines, and the immune response in MDD patients remain to be determined. We reviewed here the roles of the innate and adaptive immune systems in MDD, as well as potential mechanisms whereby the immune response might be regulated in MDD. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6107705/ /pubmed/30174579 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00547 Text en Copyright © 2017 Medina-Rodriguez, Lowell, Worthen, Syed and Beurel. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Medina-Rodriguez, Eva M. Lowell, Jeffrey A. Worthen, Ryan J. Syed, Shariful A. Beurel, Eléonore Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression |
title | Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression |
title_full | Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression |
title_fullStr | Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression |
title_full_unstemmed | Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression |
title_short | Involvement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems Alterations in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression |
title_sort | involvement of innate and adaptive immune systems alterations in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6107705/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30174579 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00547 |
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