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A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers

Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods that account for multiple transportation modes provide more realistic accessibility representation than single-mode methods. However, the use of the impedance coefficient in an impedance function (e.g., Gaussian function) introduces uncertainty to 2SF...

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Autores principales: Lin, Yan, Wan, Neng, Sheets, Sagert, Gong, Xi, Davies, Angela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6108155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30139378
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12942-018-0153-9
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author Lin, Yan
Wan, Neng
Sheets, Sagert
Gong, Xi
Davies, Angela
author_facet Lin, Yan
Wan, Neng
Sheets, Sagert
Gong, Xi
Davies, Angela
author_sort Lin, Yan
collection PubMed
description Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods that account for multiple transportation modes provide more realistic accessibility representation than single-mode methods. However, the use of the impedance coefficient in an impedance function (e.g., Gaussian function) introduces uncertainty to 2SFCA results. This paper proposes an enhancement to the multi-modal 2SFCA methods through incorporating the concept of a spatial access ratio (SPAR) for spatial access measurement. SPAR is the ratio of a given place’s access score to the mean of all access scores in the study area. An empirical study on spatial access to primary care physicians (PCPs) in the city of Albuquerque, NM, USA was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SPAR in addressing uncertainty introduced by the choice of the impedance coefficient in the classic Gaussian impedance function. We used ESRI StreetMap Premium and General Transit Specification Feed (GTFS) data to calculate the travel time to PCPs by car and bus. We first generated two spatial access scores—using different catchment sizes for car and bus, respectively—for each demanding population location: an accessibility score for car drivers and an accessibility score for bus riders. We then computed three corresponding spatial access ratios of the above scores for each population location. Sensitivity analysis results suggest that the spatial access scores vary significantly when using different impedance coefficients (p < 0.05); while SPAR remains stable (p = 1). Results from this paper suggest that a spatial access ratio can significantly reduce impedance coefficient-related uncertainties in multi-modal 2SFCA methods.
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spelling pubmed-61081552018-08-28 A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers Lin, Yan Wan, Neng Sheets, Sagert Gong, Xi Davies, Angela Int J Health Geogr Methodology Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods that account for multiple transportation modes provide more realistic accessibility representation than single-mode methods. However, the use of the impedance coefficient in an impedance function (e.g., Gaussian function) introduces uncertainty to 2SFCA results. This paper proposes an enhancement to the multi-modal 2SFCA methods through incorporating the concept of a spatial access ratio (SPAR) for spatial access measurement. SPAR is the ratio of a given place’s access score to the mean of all access scores in the study area. An empirical study on spatial access to primary care physicians (PCPs) in the city of Albuquerque, NM, USA was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SPAR in addressing uncertainty introduced by the choice of the impedance coefficient in the classic Gaussian impedance function. We used ESRI StreetMap Premium and General Transit Specification Feed (GTFS) data to calculate the travel time to PCPs by car and bus. We first generated two spatial access scores—using different catchment sizes for car and bus, respectively—for each demanding population location: an accessibility score for car drivers and an accessibility score for bus riders. We then computed three corresponding spatial access ratios of the above scores for each population location. Sensitivity analysis results suggest that the spatial access scores vary significantly when using different impedance coefficients (p < 0.05); while SPAR remains stable (p = 1). Results from this paper suggest that a spatial access ratio can significantly reduce impedance coefficient-related uncertainties in multi-modal 2SFCA methods. BioMed Central 2018-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6108155/ /pubmed/30139378 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12942-018-0153-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Methodology
Lin, Yan
Wan, Neng
Sheets, Sagert
Gong, Xi
Davies, Angela
A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
title A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
title_full A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
title_fullStr A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
title_full_unstemmed A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
title_short A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
title_sort multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
topic Methodology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6108155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30139378
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12942-018-0153-9
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