Prise en charge des corps étrangers du tiers supérieur de l’œsophage sans endoscope: un défi pour le médecin en situation isolée?

The treatment of foreign bodies in the upper third of the esophagus is well codified and it is more often based on endoscopic treatment. This specific instrument as well as gastroenterologists trained in its use are sometimes missing in African countries. Physicians have to use alternative approaches to treat this disease. This study aimed to evaluate the procedure for the removal of foreign bodies in the upper third of the esophagus carried out by anaesthetists-resuscitators in a medical and surgical center in Chad. Thirty seven cases of foreign body removal in children aged 0-15 years were analyzed. Coins and lithium batteries were removed in 92% and 8% of cases respectively. Foley balloon catheter was used in 43.2% of cases and laryngoscopy forceps in 56.8% of cases. One case of therapeutic failure requiring cervicotomy was recorded in each group. Four minor complications were reported in the “laryngoscopy forceps group”, no complication in the “Foley” group. Physicians must have adequate preparation for the removal of a foreign body in the upper third of the esophagus. In case of unavailability of endoscope, other alternative techniques can be used with a satisfying success rate. In case of failure, surgery may be necessary.