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Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria

Neurons contain a high number of mitochondria, these neuronal cells produce elevated levels of oxidative stress and live for a long time without proliferation; therefore, mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial to their health. Investigations have recently focused on mitochondrial dynamics revealing th...

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Autores principales: Cesarini, Erica, Cerioni, Liana, Canonico, Barbara, Di Sario, Gianna, Guidarelli, Andrea, Lattanzi, Davide, Savelli, David, Guescini, Michele, Nasoni, Maria Gemma, Bigini, Noemi, Cuppini, Riccardo, Stocchi, Vilberto, Ambrogini, Patrizia, Papa, Stefano, Luchetti, Francesca
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6114848/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30157259
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203001
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author Cesarini, Erica
Cerioni, Liana
Canonico, Barbara
Di Sario, Gianna
Guidarelli, Andrea
Lattanzi, Davide
Savelli, David
Guescini, Michele
Nasoni, Maria Gemma
Bigini, Noemi
Cuppini, Riccardo
Stocchi, Vilberto
Ambrogini, Patrizia
Papa, Stefano
Luchetti, Francesca
author_facet Cesarini, Erica
Cerioni, Liana
Canonico, Barbara
Di Sario, Gianna
Guidarelli, Andrea
Lattanzi, Davide
Savelli, David
Guescini, Michele
Nasoni, Maria Gemma
Bigini, Noemi
Cuppini, Riccardo
Stocchi, Vilberto
Ambrogini, Patrizia
Papa, Stefano
Luchetti, Francesca
author_sort Cesarini, Erica
collection PubMed
description Neurons contain a high number of mitochondria, these neuronal cells produce elevated levels of oxidative stress and live for a long time without proliferation; therefore, mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial to their health. Investigations have recently focused on mitochondrial dynamics revealing the ability of these organelles to change their distribution and morphology. It is known that mitochondrial fission is necessary for the transmission of mitochondria to daughter cells during mitosis and mitochondrial fragmentation has been used as an indicator of cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress is a trigger able to induce changes in the mitochondrial network. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of melatonin on the mitochondrial network in HT22 serum-deprived cells. Our results showed that serum deprivation increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, promoted the activation of plasma membrane voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) and affected the expression of pDRP1 and DRP1 fission proteins. Moreover, parallel increases in apoptotic and autophagic features were found. Damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria are deleterious to the cell; hence, the degradation of such mitochondria through mitophagy is crucial to cell survival. Our results suggest that melatonin supplementation reduces cell death and restores mitochondrial function through the regulation of autophagy.
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spelling pubmed-61148482018-09-17 Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria Cesarini, Erica Cerioni, Liana Canonico, Barbara Di Sario, Gianna Guidarelli, Andrea Lattanzi, Davide Savelli, David Guescini, Michele Nasoni, Maria Gemma Bigini, Noemi Cuppini, Riccardo Stocchi, Vilberto Ambrogini, Patrizia Papa, Stefano Luchetti, Francesca PLoS One Research Article Neurons contain a high number of mitochondria, these neuronal cells produce elevated levels of oxidative stress and live for a long time without proliferation; therefore, mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial to their health. Investigations have recently focused on mitochondrial dynamics revealing the ability of these organelles to change their distribution and morphology. It is known that mitochondrial fission is necessary for the transmission of mitochondria to daughter cells during mitosis and mitochondrial fragmentation has been used as an indicator of cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress is a trigger able to induce changes in the mitochondrial network. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of melatonin on the mitochondrial network in HT22 serum-deprived cells. Our results showed that serum deprivation increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, promoted the activation of plasma membrane voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) and affected the expression of pDRP1 and DRP1 fission proteins. Moreover, parallel increases in apoptotic and autophagic features were found. Damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria are deleterious to the cell; hence, the degradation of such mitochondria through mitophagy is crucial to cell survival. Our results suggest that melatonin supplementation reduces cell death and restores mitochondrial function through the regulation of autophagy. Public Library of Science 2018-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6114848/ /pubmed/30157259 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203001 Text en © 2018 Cesarini et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Cesarini, Erica
Cerioni, Liana
Canonico, Barbara
Di Sario, Gianna
Guidarelli, Andrea
Lattanzi, Davide
Savelli, David
Guescini, Michele
Nasoni, Maria Gemma
Bigini, Noemi
Cuppini, Riccardo
Stocchi, Vilberto
Ambrogini, Patrizia
Papa, Stefano
Luchetti, Francesca
Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
title Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
title_full Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
title_fullStr Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
title_full_unstemmed Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
title_short Melatonin protects hippocampal HT22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
title_sort melatonin protects hippocampal ht22 cells from the effects of serum deprivation specifically targeting mitochondria
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6114848/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30157259
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203001
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