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Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer
Platelet activation is the first response to tissue damage and, if unrestrained, may promote chronic inflammation-related cancer, mainly through the release of soluble factors and vesicles that are rich in genetic materials and proteins. Platelets also sustain cancer cell invasion and metastasis for...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6115803/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30065215 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10080253 |
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author | Bruno, Annalisa Dovizio, Melania Tacconelli, Stefania Contursi, Annalisa Ballerini, Patrizia Patrignani, Paola |
author_facet | Bruno, Annalisa Dovizio, Melania Tacconelli, Stefania Contursi, Annalisa Ballerini, Patrizia Patrignani, Paola |
author_sort | Bruno, Annalisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Platelet activation is the first response to tissue damage and, if unrestrained, may promote chronic inflammation-related cancer, mainly through the release of soluble factors and vesicles that are rich in genetic materials and proteins. Platelets also sustain cancer cell invasion and metastasis formation by fostering the development of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype, cancer cell survival in the bloodstream and arrest/extravasation at the endothelium. Furthermore, platelets contribute to tumor escape from immune elimination. These findings provide the rationale for the use of antithrombotic agents in the prevention of cancer development and the reduction of metastatic spread and mortality. Among them, low-dose aspirin has been extensively evaluated in both preclinical and clinical studies. The lines of evidence have been considered appropriate to recommend the use of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer by the USA. Preventive Services Task Force. However, two questions are still open: (i) the efficacy of aspirin as an anticancer agent shared by other antiplatelet agents, such as clopidogrel; (ii) the beneficial effect of aspirin improved at higher doses or by the co-administration of clopidogrel. This review discusses the latest updates regarding the mechanisms by which platelets promote cancer and the efficacy of antiplatelet agents. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6115803 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61158032018-08-31 Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer Bruno, Annalisa Dovizio, Melania Tacconelli, Stefania Contursi, Annalisa Ballerini, Patrizia Patrignani, Paola Cancers (Basel) Review Platelet activation is the first response to tissue damage and, if unrestrained, may promote chronic inflammation-related cancer, mainly through the release of soluble factors and vesicles that are rich in genetic materials and proteins. Platelets also sustain cancer cell invasion and metastasis formation by fostering the development of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype, cancer cell survival in the bloodstream and arrest/extravasation at the endothelium. Furthermore, platelets contribute to tumor escape from immune elimination. These findings provide the rationale for the use of antithrombotic agents in the prevention of cancer development and the reduction of metastatic spread and mortality. Among them, low-dose aspirin has been extensively evaluated in both preclinical and clinical studies. The lines of evidence have been considered appropriate to recommend the use of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer by the USA. Preventive Services Task Force. However, two questions are still open: (i) the efficacy of aspirin as an anticancer agent shared by other antiplatelet agents, such as clopidogrel; (ii) the beneficial effect of aspirin improved at higher doses or by the co-administration of clopidogrel. This review discusses the latest updates regarding the mechanisms by which platelets promote cancer and the efficacy of antiplatelet agents. MDPI 2018-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6115803/ /pubmed/30065215 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10080253 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Bruno, Annalisa Dovizio, Melania Tacconelli, Stefania Contursi, Annalisa Ballerini, Patrizia Patrignani, Paola Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer |
title | Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer |
title_full | Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer |
title_fullStr | Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer |
title_short | Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer |
title_sort | antithrombotic agents and cancer |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6115803/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30065215 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10080253 |
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