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Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review

Monolayer graphene exhibits extraordinary properties owing to the unique, regular arrangement of atoms in it. However, graphene is usually modified for specific applications, which introduces disorder. This article presents details of graphene structure, including sp(2) hybridization, critical param...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yang, Gao, Li, Lihua, Lee, Wing Bun, Ng, Man Cheung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6116708/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30181789
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2018.1494493
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author Yang, Gao
Li, Lihua
Lee, Wing Bun
Ng, Man Cheung
author_facet Yang, Gao
Li, Lihua
Lee, Wing Bun
Ng, Man Cheung
author_sort Yang, Gao
collection PubMed
description Monolayer graphene exhibits extraordinary properties owing to the unique, regular arrangement of atoms in it. However, graphene is usually modified for specific applications, which introduces disorder. This article presents details of graphene structure, including sp(2) hybridization, critical parameters of the unit cell, formation of σ and π bonds, electronic band structure, edge orientations, and the number and stacking order of graphene layers. We also discuss topics related to the creation and configuration of disorders in graphene, such as corrugations, topological defects, vacancies, adatoms and sp(3)-defects. The effects of these disorders on the electrical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties of graphene are analyzed subsequently. Finally, we review previous work on the modulation of structural defects in graphene for specific applications.
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spelling pubmed-61167082018-09-04 Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review Yang, Gao Li, Lihua Lee, Wing Bun Ng, Man Cheung Sci Technol Adv Mater Engineering and Structural Materials Monolayer graphene exhibits extraordinary properties owing to the unique, regular arrangement of atoms in it. However, graphene is usually modified for specific applications, which introduces disorder. This article presents details of graphene structure, including sp(2) hybridization, critical parameters of the unit cell, formation of σ and π bonds, electronic band structure, edge orientations, and the number and stacking order of graphene layers. We also discuss topics related to the creation and configuration of disorders in graphene, such as corrugations, topological defects, vacancies, adatoms and sp(3)-defects. The effects of these disorders on the electrical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties of graphene are analyzed subsequently. Finally, we review previous work on the modulation of structural defects in graphene for specific applications. Taylor & Francis 2018-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6116708/ /pubmed/30181789 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2018.1494493 Text en © 2018 The Author(s). Published by National Institute for Materials Science in partnership with Taylor & Francis Group. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Engineering and Structural Materials
Yang, Gao
Li, Lihua
Lee, Wing Bun
Ng, Man Cheung
Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
title Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
title_full Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
title_fullStr Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
title_full_unstemmed Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
title_short Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
title_sort structure of graphene and its disorders: a review
topic Engineering and Structural Materials
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6116708/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30181789
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2018.1494493
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