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Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs
Studded tires are used in a number of countries during winter in order to prevent accidents. The use of tire studs is controversial and debated because of human health impacts from increased road particle emissions. The aims of this study are to assess whether the use of tire studs in a Scandinavian...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6121463/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30126166 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081774 |
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author | Furberg, Anna Arvidsson, Rickard Molander, Sverker |
author_facet | Furberg, Anna Arvidsson, Rickard Molander, Sverker |
author_sort | Furberg, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Studded tires are used in a number of countries during winter in order to prevent accidents. The use of tire studs is controversial and debated because of human health impacts from increased road particle emissions. The aims of this study are to assess whether the use of tire studs in a Scandinavian studded passenger car actually avoids or causes health impacts from a broader life cycle perspective, and to assess the distribution of these impacts over the life cycle. Life cycle assessment is applied and the disability-adjusted life years indicator is used to quantify the following five types of health impacts: (1) impacts saved in the use phase, (2) particle emissions in the use phase, (3) production system emissions, (4) occupational accidents in the production system, and (5) conflict casualties from revenues of cobalt mining. The results show that the health benefits in the use phase in general are outweighed by the negative impacts during the life cycle. The largest contribution to these negative human health impacts are from use phase particle emissions (67–77%) and occupational accidents during artisanal cobalt mining (8–18%). About 23–33% of the negative impacts occur outside Scandinavia, where the benefits occur. The results inform the current debate and highlight the need for research on alternatives to tire studs with a positive net health balance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6121463 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61214632018-09-07 Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs Furberg, Anna Arvidsson, Rickard Molander, Sverker Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Studded tires are used in a number of countries during winter in order to prevent accidents. The use of tire studs is controversial and debated because of human health impacts from increased road particle emissions. The aims of this study are to assess whether the use of tire studs in a Scandinavian studded passenger car actually avoids or causes health impacts from a broader life cycle perspective, and to assess the distribution of these impacts over the life cycle. Life cycle assessment is applied and the disability-adjusted life years indicator is used to quantify the following five types of health impacts: (1) impacts saved in the use phase, (2) particle emissions in the use phase, (3) production system emissions, (4) occupational accidents in the production system, and (5) conflict casualties from revenues of cobalt mining. The results show that the health benefits in the use phase in general are outweighed by the negative impacts during the life cycle. The largest contribution to these negative human health impacts are from use phase particle emissions (67–77%) and occupational accidents during artisanal cobalt mining (8–18%). About 23–33% of the negative impacts occur outside Scandinavia, where the benefits occur. The results inform the current debate and highlight the need for research on alternatives to tire studs with a positive net health balance. MDPI 2018-08-17 2018-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6121463/ /pubmed/30126166 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081774 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Furberg, Anna Arvidsson, Rickard Molander, Sverker Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs |
title | Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs |
title_full | Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs |
title_fullStr | Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs |
title_full_unstemmed | Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs |
title_short | Live and Let Die? Life Cycle Human Health Impacts from the Use of Tire Studs |
title_sort | live and let die? life cycle human health impacts from the use of tire studs |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6121463/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30126166 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081774 |
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