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Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC’s molecular mechanism is imperative for early de...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sasahira, Tomonori, Kirita, Tadaaki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6121568/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30115834
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19082413
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author Sasahira, Tomonori
Kirita, Tadaaki
author_facet Sasahira, Tomonori
Kirita, Tadaaki
author_sort Sasahira, Tomonori
collection PubMed
description Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC’s molecular mechanism is imperative for early detection and treatment, improving patient survival. Based on broadly accepted notions, OSCC arises from multiple genetic alterations caused by chronic exposure to carcinogens. In 2011, research revealed 10 key alterations fundamental to cancer cell development: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, avoiding immune destruction, activating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, and deregulating energetics. This review describes molecular pathological findings on conventional and novel hallmarks of OSCC prognostic factors. In addition, the review summarizes the functions and roles of several molecules as novel OSCC prognosticators.
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spelling pubmed-61215682018-09-07 Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Sasahira, Tomonori Kirita, Tadaaki Int J Mol Sci Review Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC’s molecular mechanism is imperative for early detection and treatment, improving patient survival. Based on broadly accepted notions, OSCC arises from multiple genetic alterations caused by chronic exposure to carcinogens. In 2011, research revealed 10 key alterations fundamental to cancer cell development: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, avoiding immune destruction, activating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, and deregulating energetics. This review describes molecular pathological findings on conventional and novel hallmarks of OSCC prognostic factors. In addition, the review summarizes the functions and roles of several molecules as novel OSCC prognosticators. MDPI 2018-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6121568/ /pubmed/30115834 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19082413 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sasahira, Tomonori
Kirita, Tadaaki
Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_full Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_fullStr Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_short Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_sort hallmarks of cancer-related newly prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6121568/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30115834
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19082413
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