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Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of two different models of smartphone and a conventional camera with that of direct clinical examination in detecting caries lesions at different stages of progression in deciduous molars. The photographic equipment consisted of two smartphone...

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Autores principales: Kohara, Eduardo K., Abdala, Camilla G., Novaes, Tatiane F., Braga, Mariana M., Haddad, Ana E., Mendes, Fausto M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6126822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30188900
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202116
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author Kohara, Eduardo K.
Abdala, Camilla G.
Novaes, Tatiane F.
Braga, Mariana M.
Haddad, Ana E.
Mendes, Fausto M.
author_facet Kohara, Eduardo K.
Abdala, Camilla G.
Novaes, Tatiane F.
Braga, Mariana M.
Haddad, Ana E.
Mendes, Fausto M.
author_sort Kohara, Eduardo K.
collection PubMed
description The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of two different models of smartphone and a conventional camera with that of direct clinical examination in detecting caries lesions at different stages of progression in deciduous molars. The photographic equipment consisted of two smartphones (iPhone and Nexus 4) and a conventional macro camera setup. First, in the laboratory phase of the study, we compared the images of 20 exfoliated primary teeth having caries lesions at different stages. Then, in the clinical phase of the study, the images of 119 primary molars from fifteen children (3 to 6 years old) were used. All of the photographic images were taken using the previously described devices. In both groups, two examiners, blinded to the photographic equipment used, assessed the images independently on a computer screen, and classified them according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The teeth were then examined directly by two other experienced examiners, and the consensus reached was considered the reference standard. Parameters of validity, such as percentage of correct answers, agreement with the reference standard, sensitivity, specificity and inter-examiner agreement (using the weighted kappa test) were calculated. The examiners performed similarly in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Inter-examiner reliability was approximately 0.7 for all the devices in the laboratory setting, and for the macro camera photography system in the clinical setting, but it was approximately 0.9 for the iPhone and Nexus images taken in vivo. With regard to the percentage of correct answers, the highest values were observed for sound and extensive caries lesions in both laboratory and clinical settings. The percentage of correct answers for initial and moderate lesions was particularly low in the clinical evaluation, irrespective of the camera devices used. Therefore, we concluded that photographic diagnosis using smartphone images is feasible and accurate for distinguishing sound tooth surfaces from extensive caries lesions; however, photographic images are not a good method for accurately detecting initial and moderate caries lesions.
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spelling pubmed-61268222018-09-15 Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions? Kohara, Eduardo K. Abdala, Camilla G. Novaes, Tatiane F. Braga, Mariana M. Haddad, Ana E. Mendes, Fausto M. PLoS One Research Article The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of two different models of smartphone and a conventional camera with that of direct clinical examination in detecting caries lesions at different stages of progression in deciduous molars. The photographic equipment consisted of two smartphones (iPhone and Nexus 4) and a conventional macro camera setup. First, in the laboratory phase of the study, we compared the images of 20 exfoliated primary teeth having caries lesions at different stages. Then, in the clinical phase of the study, the images of 119 primary molars from fifteen children (3 to 6 years old) were used. All of the photographic images were taken using the previously described devices. In both groups, two examiners, blinded to the photographic equipment used, assessed the images independently on a computer screen, and classified them according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The teeth were then examined directly by two other experienced examiners, and the consensus reached was considered the reference standard. Parameters of validity, such as percentage of correct answers, agreement with the reference standard, sensitivity, specificity and inter-examiner agreement (using the weighted kappa test) were calculated. The examiners performed similarly in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Inter-examiner reliability was approximately 0.7 for all the devices in the laboratory setting, and for the macro camera photography system in the clinical setting, but it was approximately 0.9 for the iPhone and Nexus images taken in vivo. With regard to the percentage of correct answers, the highest values were observed for sound and extensive caries lesions in both laboratory and clinical settings. The percentage of correct answers for initial and moderate lesions was particularly low in the clinical evaluation, irrespective of the camera devices used. Therefore, we concluded that photographic diagnosis using smartphone images is feasible and accurate for distinguishing sound tooth surfaces from extensive caries lesions; however, photographic images are not a good method for accurately detecting initial and moderate caries lesions. Public Library of Science 2018-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6126822/ /pubmed/30188900 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202116 Text en © 2018 Kohara et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kohara, Eduardo K.
Abdala, Camilla G.
Novaes, Tatiane F.
Braga, Mariana M.
Haddad, Ana E.
Mendes, Fausto M.
Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
title Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
title_full Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
title_fullStr Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
title_full_unstemmed Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
title_short Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
title_sort is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions?
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6126822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30188900
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202116
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