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The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton

Infection and lysis of phytoplankton by viruses affects population dynamics and nutrient cycles within oceanic microbial communities. However, estimating the quantitative rates of viral-induced lysis remains challenging in situ. The modified dilution method is the most commonly utilized empirical ap...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Beckett, Stephen J., Weitz, Joshua S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6129610/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30233501
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01850
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author Beckett, Stephen J.
Weitz, Joshua S.
author_facet Beckett, Stephen J.
Weitz, Joshua S.
author_sort Beckett, Stephen J.
collection PubMed
description Infection and lysis of phytoplankton by viruses affects population dynamics and nutrient cycles within oceanic microbial communities. However, estimating the quantitative rates of viral-induced lysis remains challenging in situ. The modified dilution method is the most commonly utilized empirical approach to estimate virus-induced killing rates of phytoplankton. The lysis rate estimates of the modified dilution method are based on models which assume virus-host interactions can be represented by a single virus and a single host population with homogeneous life-history traits. Here, using modeling approaches, we examine the robustness of the modified dilution method in multi-strain, complex communities. We assume that strains differ in their life history traits, including growth rates (of hosts) and lysis rates (by viruses). We show that trait differences affect resulting experimental dynamics such that lysis rates measured using the modified dilution method may be driven by the fastest replicating strains; which are not necessarily the most abundant in situ. We discuss the implications of using the modified dilution method and alternative dilution-based approaches for estimating viral-induced lysis rates in marine microbial communities.
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spelling pubmed-61296102018-09-19 The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton Beckett, Stephen J. Weitz, Joshua S. Front Microbiol Microbiology Infection and lysis of phytoplankton by viruses affects population dynamics and nutrient cycles within oceanic microbial communities. However, estimating the quantitative rates of viral-induced lysis remains challenging in situ. The modified dilution method is the most commonly utilized empirical approach to estimate virus-induced killing rates of phytoplankton. The lysis rate estimates of the modified dilution method are based on models which assume virus-host interactions can be represented by a single virus and a single host population with homogeneous life-history traits. Here, using modeling approaches, we examine the robustness of the modified dilution method in multi-strain, complex communities. We assume that strains differ in their life history traits, including growth rates (of hosts) and lysis rates (by viruses). We show that trait differences affect resulting experimental dynamics such that lysis rates measured using the modified dilution method may be driven by the fastest replicating strains; which are not necessarily the most abundant in situ. We discuss the implications of using the modified dilution method and alternative dilution-based approaches for estimating viral-induced lysis rates in marine microbial communities. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6129610/ /pubmed/30233501 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01850 Text en Copyright © 2018 Beckett and Weitz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Beckett, Stephen J.
Weitz, Joshua S.
The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton
title The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton
title_full The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton
title_fullStr The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton
title_short The Effect of Strain Level Diversity on Robust Inference of Virus-Induced Mortality of Phytoplankton
title_sort effect of strain level diversity on robust inference of virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6129610/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30233501
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01850
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