Infectious diseases mimicking ovarian carcinomatosis

Infectious diseases can present similar to ovarian cancer and occur concomitantly with ovarian pathology. With increased worldwide travel and migration of populations, infections endemic to developing countries can emerge in the United States. We present 2 cases of infectious diseases mimicking ovarian carcinomatosis. Two Filipino women presented with abdominal distension and had evaluations suggestive of advanced gynecologic malignancy. The first patient underwent surgery and was found to have peritoneal tuberculosis. Intra-operative pathology from the second case revealed ovarian carcinoma with schistosomal granulomas of the intestines. Tuberculosis and schistosomiasis should be considered when treating women with gynecologic malignancies, especially those from abroad or who have spent time overseas. Correct identification of infectious etiologies allows for pharmacological intervention and can minimize unnecessary surgical procedures.