Effect of adalimumab on the expression of genes encoding TNF-α signal paths in skin fibroblasts in vitro

INTRODUCTION: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) is one of the main cytokines participating in inflammation and immune response. Biological effects of the cytokine action, mediated by two receptors: TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B involve activation of many signal paths, thus change the transcription activity of many genes. The mechanism of action of an anti-TNF medicine consists in blocking TNF-α though preventing activation of signal paths. AIM: To single out mRNA and microRNA genes relating to TNF-α signal paths, the expression of which could indicate sensitivity of cells to the medicine in question. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material used in the research consisted in the cell line of regular human skin fibroblasts NHDF (CC-2511 Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) exposed to adalimumab with a concentration of 8.00 μg/ml of the medium for 2, 8 and 24 h, compared with the control material, i.e. non-stimulated cells. Molecular analysis was performed using the oligonucleotide expressive micro-matrices technology HG-U133A, miRNA 2.0 Array micro-matrices and RTqPCR. RESULTS: mRNA: BIRC5, MAP3K4, ZFAND5, JUN differentiate cells exposed to the anti-TNF medicine, regardless of the time of cell/medicine incubation. TNF-α transcription activity is reduced during exposure of NHDF cells to adalimumab. miRNA regulating transcription activity of the said 4 mRNA and miRNA related to TNF-α and its receptors was also singled out. CONCLUSIONS: It was ascertained that adalimumab has therapeutic potential and affects genes engaged in signal paths activated by TNF-α. The results indicate the TNF-α usefulness as the molecular, supplementary marker in diagnostics and control of treatment effects.