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Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids
BACKGROUND: Citrus flavonoids are considered as the important secondary metabolites because of their biological and pharmacological activities. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme that catalyses the first committed step in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. CHS genes have been isolated and char...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6134715/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30208944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1418-y |
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author | Wang, Zhibin Yu, Qibin Shen, Wanxia El Mohtar, Choaa A. Zhao, Xiaochun Gmitter, Fredrick G. |
author_facet | Wang, Zhibin Yu, Qibin Shen, Wanxia El Mohtar, Choaa A. Zhao, Xiaochun Gmitter, Fredrick G. |
author_sort | Wang, Zhibin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Citrus flavonoids are considered as the important secondary metabolites because of their biological and pharmacological activities. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme that catalyses the first committed step in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. CHS genes have been isolated and characterized in many plants. Previous studies indicated that CHS is a gene superfamily. In citrus, the number of CHS members and their contribution to the production of flavonoids remains a mystery. In our previous study, the copies of CitCHS2 gene were found in different citrus species and the sequences are highly conserved, but the flavonoid content varied significantly among those species. RESULTS: From seventy-seven CHS and CHS-like gene sequences, ten CHS members were selected as candidates according to the features of their sequences. Among these candidates, expression was detected from only three genes. A predicted CHS sequence was identified as a novel CHS gene. The structure analysis showed that the gene structure of this novel CHS is very similar to other CHS genes. All three CHS genes were highly conserved and had a basic structure that included one intron and two exons, although they had different expression patterns in different tissues and developmental stages. These genes also presented different sensitivities to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. In transgenic plants, the expression of CHS genes was significantly correlated with the production of flavonoids. The three CHS genes contributed differently to the production of flavonoids. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that CitCHS is a gene superfamily including at least three functional members. The expression levels of the CHS genes are highly correlated to the biosynthesis of flavonoids. The CHS enzyme is dynamically produced from several CHS genes, and the production of total flavonoids is regulated by the overall expression of CHS family genes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1418-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6134715 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61347152018-09-13 Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids Wang, Zhibin Yu, Qibin Shen, Wanxia El Mohtar, Choaa A. Zhao, Xiaochun Gmitter, Fredrick G. BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Citrus flavonoids are considered as the important secondary metabolites because of their biological and pharmacological activities. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme that catalyses the first committed step in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. CHS genes have been isolated and characterized in many plants. Previous studies indicated that CHS is a gene superfamily. In citrus, the number of CHS members and their contribution to the production of flavonoids remains a mystery. In our previous study, the copies of CitCHS2 gene were found in different citrus species and the sequences are highly conserved, but the flavonoid content varied significantly among those species. RESULTS: From seventy-seven CHS and CHS-like gene sequences, ten CHS members were selected as candidates according to the features of their sequences. Among these candidates, expression was detected from only three genes. A predicted CHS sequence was identified as a novel CHS gene. The structure analysis showed that the gene structure of this novel CHS is very similar to other CHS genes. All three CHS genes were highly conserved and had a basic structure that included one intron and two exons, although they had different expression patterns in different tissues and developmental stages. These genes also presented different sensitivities to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. In transgenic plants, the expression of CHS genes was significantly correlated with the production of flavonoids. The three CHS genes contributed differently to the production of flavonoids. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that CitCHS is a gene superfamily including at least three functional members. The expression levels of the CHS genes are highly correlated to the biosynthesis of flavonoids. The CHS enzyme is dynamically produced from several CHS genes, and the production of total flavonoids is regulated by the overall expression of CHS family genes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1418-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6134715/ /pubmed/30208944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1418-y Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wang, Zhibin Yu, Qibin Shen, Wanxia El Mohtar, Choaa A. Zhao, Xiaochun Gmitter, Fredrick G. Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
title | Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
title_full | Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
title_fullStr | Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
title_full_unstemmed | Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
title_short | Functional study of CHS gene family members in citrus revealed a novel CHS gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
title_sort | functional study of chs gene family members in citrus revealed a novel chs gene affecting the production of flavonoids |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6134715/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30208944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1418-y |
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