Cargando…

Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling

Since the discovery of its role as a morphogen directing ventral patterning of the spinal cord, the secreted protein Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) has been implicated in a wide array of events contributing to the development, maintenance and repair of the central nervous system (CNS). One of these events is...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Laouarem, Yousra, Traiffort, Elisabeth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6135882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237763
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00305
_version_ 1783354895844245504
author Laouarem, Yousra
Traiffort, Elisabeth
author_facet Laouarem, Yousra
Traiffort, Elisabeth
author_sort Laouarem, Yousra
collection PubMed
description Since the discovery of its role as a morphogen directing ventral patterning of the spinal cord, the secreted protein Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) has been implicated in a wide array of events contributing to the development, maintenance and repair of the central nervous system (CNS). One of these events is the generation of oligodendrocytes, the glial cells of the CNS responsible for axon myelination. In embryo, the first oligodendroglial cells arise from the ventral ventricular zone in the developing brain and spinal cord where Shh induces the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 both necessary and sufficient for oligodendrocyte production. Later on, Shh signaling participates in the production of oligodendroglial cells in the dorsal ventricular-subventricular zone in the postnatal forebrain. Finally, the modulation of Hedgehog signaling activity promotes the repair of demyelinated lesions. This mini-review article focuses on the Shh-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in the spatial and temporal control of oligodendrocyte lineage appearance. The apparent intricacy of the roles of two essential components of Shh signaling, Smoothened and Gli1, in the postnatal production of myelin and its regeneration following a demyelinating event is also highlighted. A deeper understanding of the implication of each of the components that regulate oligodendrogenesis and myelination should beneficially influence the therapeutic strategies in the field of myelin diseases.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6135882
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-61358822018-09-20 Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling Laouarem, Yousra Traiffort, Elisabeth Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Since the discovery of its role as a morphogen directing ventral patterning of the spinal cord, the secreted protein Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) has been implicated in a wide array of events contributing to the development, maintenance and repair of the central nervous system (CNS). One of these events is the generation of oligodendrocytes, the glial cells of the CNS responsible for axon myelination. In embryo, the first oligodendroglial cells arise from the ventral ventricular zone in the developing brain and spinal cord where Shh induces the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 both necessary and sufficient for oligodendrocyte production. Later on, Shh signaling participates in the production of oligodendroglial cells in the dorsal ventricular-subventricular zone in the postnatal forebrain. Finally, the modulation of Hedgehog signaling activity promotes the repair of demyelinated lesions. This mini-review article focuses on the Shh-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in the spatial and temporal control of oligodendrocyte lineage appearance. The apparent intricacy of the roles of two essential components of Shh signaling, Smoothened and Gli1, in the postnatal production of myelin and its regeneration following a demyelinating event is also highlighted. A deeper understanding of the implication of each of the components that regulate oligodendrogenesis and myelination should beneficially influence the therapeutic strategies in the field of myelin diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6135882/ /pubmed/30237763 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00305 Text en Copyright © 2018 Laouarem and Traiffort. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Laouarem, Yousra
Traiffort, Elisabeth
Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling
title Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling
title_full Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling
title_fullStr Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling
title_full_unstemmed Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling
title_short Developmental and Repairing Production of Myelin: The Role of Hedgehog Signaling
title_sort developmental and repairing production of myelin: the role of hedgehog signaling
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6135882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237763
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00305
work_keys_str_mv AT laouaremyousra developmentalandrepairingproductionofmyelintheroleofhedgehogsignaling
AT traiffortelisabeth developmentalandrepairingproductionofmyelintheroleofhedgehogsignaling