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Melioidosis in Sri Lanka

Until recently, Sri Lanka was not considered a country with endemic melioidosis. However, an increasing number of cases is being reported. National surveillance for melioidosis was instituted after 2008. A total of 250 culture-positive cases was recorded between 2006 and May 2017. Males predominated...

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Autores principales: Corea, Enoka M., de Silva, Aruna Dharshan, Thevanesam, Vasanthi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6136624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30274420
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3010022
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author Corea, Enoka M.
de Silva, Aruna Dharshan
Thevanesam, Vasanthi
author_facet Corea, Enoka M.
de Silva, Aruna Dharshan
Thevanesam, Vasanthi
author_sort Corea, Enoka M.
collection PubMed
description Until recently, Sri Lanka was not considered a country with endemic melioidosis. However, an increasing number of cases is being reported. National surveillance for melioidosis was instituted after 2008. A total of 250 culture-positive cases was recorded between 2006 and May 2017. Males predominated (71.6%). The age range was wide (2–92 years) reflecting a ubiquity of exposure. The majority (201/250, 80%) lived in rural areas. All provinces were affected. Case load increased during the two monsoonal periods (67%). There was representation of every population group including farmers (n = 44), housewives (n = 24), school children (n = 10), professionals (n = 5), businesspersons (n = 6), white-collar workers (n = 10) and blue-collar workers (n = 8). Diabetes was the predominant risk factor (n = 163, 65.2%). Clinical presentations included community-acquired sepsis and pneumonia, superficial and deep abscesses, and septic arthritis. Mortality was 20.4% (51/250). A majority (n = 212) of isolates belonged to the YLF (Yersinia-like fimbrial) clade but 38 were BTFC (B. thailandensis-like flagellum and chemotaxis). A total of 108 isolates was genotyped and 46 sequence types (STs) were identified, 40 being novel. It is clear that melioidosis is endemic in Sri Lanka with a wide geographic and demographic distribution. There is an urgent need to extend surveillance of melioidosis to under-resourced parts of the country and to populations at high risk.
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spelling pubmed-61366242018-09-24 Melioidosis in Sri Lanka Corea, Enoka M. de Silva, Aruna Dharshan Thevanesam, Vasanthi Trop Med Infect Dis Article Until recently, Sri Lanka was not considered a country with endemic melioidosis. However, an increasing number of cases is being reported. National surveillance for melioidosis was instituted after 2008. A total of 250 culture-positive cases was recorded between 2006 and May 2017. Males predominated (71.6%). The age range was wide (2–92 years) reflecting a ubiquity of exposure. The majority (201/250, 80%) lived in rural areas. All provinces were affected. Case load increased during the two monsoonal periods (67%). There was representation of every population group including farmers (n = 44), housewives (n = 24), school children (n = 10), professionals (n = 5), businesspersons (n = 6), white-collar workers (n = 10) and blue-collar workers (n = 8). Diabetes was the predominant risk factor (n = 163, 65.2%). Clinical presentations included community-acquired sepsis and pneumonia, superficial and deep abscesses, and septic arthritis. Mortality was 20.4% (51/250). A majority (n = 212) of isolates belonged to the YLF (Yersinia-like fimbrial) clade but 38 were BTFC (B. thailandensis-like flagellum and chemotaxis). A total of 108 isolates was genotyped and 46 sequence types (STs) were identified, 40 being novel. It is clear that melioidosis is endemic in Sri Lanka with a wide geographic and demographic distribution. There is an urgent need to extend surveillance of melioidosis to under-resourced parts of the country and to populations at high risk. MDPI 2018-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6136624/ /pubmed/30274420 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3010022 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Corea, Enoka M.
de Silva, Aruna Dharshan
Thevanesam, Vasanthi
Melioidosis in Sri Lanka
title Melioidosis in Sri Lanka
title_full Melioidosis in Sri Lanka
title_fullStr Melioidosis in Sri Lanka
title_full_unstemmed Melioidosis in Sri Lanka
title_short Melioidosis in Sri Lanka
title_sort melioidosis in sri lanka
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6136624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30274420
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3010022
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