Whole genome sequencing of Neisseria meningitidis W isolates from the Czech Republic recovered in 1984–2017

INTRODUCTION: The study presents the analysis of whole genome sequence (WGS) data for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W isolates recovered in the Czech Republic in 1984–2017 and their comparison with WGS data from other countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-one Czech N. meningitidis W isolates, 22 from invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) and nine from healthy carriers were analysed. The 33-year study period was divided into three periods: 1984–1999, 2000–2009, and 2010–2017. RESULTS: Most study isolates from IMD and healthy carriers were assigned to clonal complex cc22 (n = 10) in all study periods. The second leading clonal complex was cc865 (n = 8) presented by IMD (n = 7) and carriage (n = 1) isolates that emerged in the last study period, 2010–2017. The third clonal complex was cc11 (n = 4) including IMD isolates from the first (1984–1999) and third (2010–2017) study periods. The following clonal complex was cc174 (n = 3) presented by IMD isolates from the first two study periods, i.e. 1984–1999 and 2000–2009. One isolate of each cc41/44 and cc1136 originated from healthy carriers from the second study period, 2000–2009. The comparison of WGS data for N. meningitidis W isolates recovered in the Czech Republic in the study period 1984–2017 and for isolates from other countries recovered in the same period showed that clonal complex cc865, ST-3342 is unique to the Czech Republic since 2010. Moreover, the comparison shows that cc11 in the Czech Republic does not comprise novel hypervirulent lineages reported from both European and non-European countries. All 31 study isolates were assigned to Bexsero® Antigen Sequence Types (BAST), and seven of them were of newly described BASTs. CONCLUSIONS: WGS analysis contributed considerably to a more detailed molecular characterization of N. meningitidis W isolates recovered in the Czech Republic over a 33-year period and allowed for a spatial and temporal comparison of these characteristics between isolates from the Czech Republic and other countries. The most interesting finding of this study is that eight of 31 Czech isolates of N. meningitidis W belong to clonal complex cc865, which is uncommon for serogroup W. In addition, the WGS data precised the base for the update of the recommendation for vaccination in the Czech Republic.