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Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom

Value-based choices are influenced both by powerful counterfactuals, such as regret, and also by risk in potential outcomes. Culture can profoundly affect how humans perceive and act in the world, but it remains unknown how regret in value-based choice and key aspects of risk-taking may differ betwe...

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Autores principales: Li, Li, Kumano, Shiro, Keshmirian, Anita, Bahrami, Bahador, Li, Jian, Wright, Nicholas D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6138714/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30217982
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30680-7
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author Li, Li
Kumano, Shiro
Keshmirian, Anita
Bahrami, Bahador
Li, Jian
Wright, Nicholas D.
author_facet Li, Li
Kumano, Shiro
Keshmirian, Anita
Bahrami, Bahador
Li, Jian
Wright, Nicholas D.
author_sort Li, Li
collection PubMed
description Value-based choices are influenced both by powerful counterfactuals, such as regret, and also by risk in potential outcomes. Culture can profoundly affect how humans perceive and act in the world, but it remains unknown how regret in value-based choice and key aspects of risk-taking may differ between cultures. Here our computational approach provides precise and independent metrics, grounded in extensive neurobiological evidence, for the influences of risk and regret on choice. We test for commonalities and differences across three diverse cultures: Iran, China and the UK. Including Iran matters because cross-cultural work on value-based choice is lacking for this key 21(st) Century culture, and also because patterns across the three cultures arbitrates between explanations for differences. We find commonalities, with regret influencing choice across cultures and no consistent cultural difference seen. However, for risk, unlike in both Chinese and Westerners’ choices, Iranians are risk-seeking – findings consistent across two task variants and further explained by Iranians showing less subjective impact of negative, but not positive, outcomes of risky choices. Our computational approach dissects cultural impacts on two key neurobiologically-grounded quantities in value-based choice, showing that neuroscientific accounts cannot a priori isolate such quantities from culture in the cognitive processes underlying choice.
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spelling pubmed-61387142018-09-15 Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom Li, Li Kumano, Shiro Keshmirian, Anita Bahrami, Bahador Li, Jian Wright, Nicholas D. Sci Rep Article Value-based choices are influenced both by powerful counterfactuals, such as regret, and also by risk in potential outcomes. Culture can profoundly affect how humans perceive and act in the world, but it remains unknown how regret in value-based choice and key aspects of risk-taking may differ between cultures. Here our computational approach provides precise and independent metrics, grounded in extensive neurobiological evidence, for the influences of risk and regret on choice. We test for commonalities and differences across three diverse cultures: Iran, China and the UK. Including Iran matters because cross-cultural work on value-based choice is lacking for this key 21(st) Century culture, and also because patterns across the three cultures arbitrates between explanations for differences. We find commonalities, with regret influencing choice across cultures and no consistent cultural difference seen. However, for risk, unlike in both Chinese and Westerners’ choices, Iranians are risk-seeking – findings consistent across two task variants and further explained by Iranians showing less subjective impact of negative, but not positive, outcomes of risky choices. Our computational approach dissects cultural impacts on two key neurobiologically-grounded quantities in value-based choice, showing that neuroscientific accounts cannot a priori isolate such quantities from culture in the cognitive processes underlying choice. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6138714/ /pubmed/30217982 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30680-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Li, Li
Kumano, Shiro
Keshmirian, Anita
Bahrami, Bahador
Li, Jian
Wright, Nicholas D.
Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom
title Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom
title_full Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom
title_fullStr Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom
title_full_unstemmed Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom
title_short Parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in Iran, China and the United Kingdom
title_sort parsing cultural impacts on regret and risk in iran, china and the united kingdom
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6138714/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30217982
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30680-7
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