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Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination
BACKGROUND: Tengchong County was one of the counties located at the China-Myanmar border with high malaria incidence in the previous decades. As the pilot county for malaria elimination at the border area, Tengchong County is aiming to be the first county to achieve malaria elimination goal. A cross...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6139178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30219093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3073-4 |
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author | Zhang, Shao-sen Zhou, Shui-sen Zhou, Zheng-bin Chen, Tian-mu Wang, Xue-zhong Shi, Wen-qi Jiang, Wei-kang Li, Ju-lin Zhou, Xiao-nong Frutos, Roger Manguin, Sylvie Afelt, Aneta |
author_facet | Zhang, Shao-sen Zhou, Shui-sen Zhou, Zheng-bin Chen, Tian-mu Wang, Xue-zhong Shi, Wen-qi Jiang, Wei-kang Li, Ju-lin Zhou, Xiao-nong Frutos, Roger Manguin, Sylvie Afelt, Aneta |
author_sort | Zhang, Shao-sen |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Tengchong County was one of the counties located at the China-Myanmar border with high malaria incidence in the previous decades. As the pilot county for malaria elimination at the border area, Tengchong County is aiming to be the first county to achieve malaria elimination goal. A cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of elimination approach and assess the receptivity of malaria reintroduction. METHODS: Light traps associated with live baits were used to investigate the abundance of adult mosquitoes in nine villages in Tengchong County. Light traps were set to collect adult mosquitoes in both human houses and cowsheds from dusk till dawn in each site. RESULTS: A total of 4948 adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected from May to December in two villages. Of the mosquitoes were captured, 24.2% were in human houses and 75.8% in cowsheds. The peak of abundance occurred in July for An. sinensis and in September-October for An. minimus (s.l.) Ten Anopheles species were collected, the most prevalent being An. sinensis (50.3%), An. peditaeniatus (31.6%) and An. minimus (s.l.) (15.8%), contributing to 97.6% of the sample. Potential breeding sites were also investigated and a total of 407 larvae were collected, with An. sinensis (50.1%) and An. minimus (s.l.) (46.2%) as predominant species. Ponds and rice fields were the two preferred breeding sites for Anopheles mosquitoes; however, the difference between the number of adults and larvae captured suggest other breeding sites might exist. Both An. sinensis and An. minimus (s.l.) were found zoophilic with human blood index as 0.21 and 0.26, respectively. No Plasmodium positive Anopheles specimens were found by PCR among 4,000 trapped mosquitoes. CONCLUSIONS: Although no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Tengchong County since 2013, there is still a risk from the presence of vectors in the context of human population movements from neighboring malaria endemic areas. The presence of An. sinensis, associated to rice fields, is particularly worrying. Sustained entomological surveillance is strongly suggested even after malaria elimination certification. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6139178 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61391782018-09-20 Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination Zhang, Shao-sen Zhou, Shui-sen Zhou, Zheng-bin Chen, Tian-mu Wang, Xue-zhong Shi, Wen-qi Jiang, Wei-kang Li, Ju-lin Zhou, Xiao-nong Frutos, Roger Manguin, Sylvie Afelt, Aneta Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Tengchong County was one of the counties located at the China-Myanmar border with high malaria incidence in the previous decades. As the pilot county for malaria elimination at the border area, Tengchong County is aiming to be the first county to achieve malaria elimination goal. A cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of elimination approach and assess the receptivity of malaria reintroduction. METHODS: Light traps associated with live baits were used to investigate the abundance of adult mosquitoes in nine villages in Tengchong County. Light traps were set to collect adult mosquitoes in both human houses and cowsheds from dusk till dawn in each site. RESULTS: A total of 4948 adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected from May to December in two villages. Of the mosquitoes were captured, 24.2% were in human houses and 75.8% in cowsheds. The peak of abundance occurred in July for An. sinensis and in September-October for An. minimus (s.l.) Ten Anopheles species were collected, the most prevalent being An. sinensis (50.3%), An. peditaeniatus (31.6%) and An. minimus (s.l.) (15.8%), contributing to 97.6% of the sample. Potential breeding sites were also investigated and a total of 407 larvae were collected, with An. sinensis (50.1%) and An. minimus (s.l.) (46.2%) as predominant species. Ponds and rice fields were the two preferred breeding sites for Anopheles mosquitoes; however, the difference between the number of adults and larvae captured suggest other breeding sites might exist. Both An. sinensis and An. minimus (s.l.) were found zoophilic with human blood index as 0.21 and 0.26, respectively. No Plasmodium positive Anopheles specimens were found by PCR among 4,000 trapped mosquitoes. CONCLUSIONS: Although no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Tengchong County since 2013, there is still a risk from the presence of vectors in the context of human population movements from neighboring malaria endemic areas. The presence of An. sinensis, associated to rice fields, is particularly worrying. Sustained entomological surveillance is strongly suggested even after malaria elimination certification. BioMed Central 2018-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6139178/ /pubmed/30219093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3073-4 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Zhang, Shao-sen Zhou, Shui-sen Zhou, Zheng-bin Chen, Tian-mu Wang, Xue-zhong Shi, Wen-qi Jiang, Wei-kang Li, Ju-lin Zhou, Xiao-nong Frutos, Roger Manguin, Sylvie Afelt, Aneta Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
title | Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
title_full | Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
title_fullStr | Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
title_short | Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
title_sort | monitoring of malaria vectors at the china-myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6139178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30219093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3073-4 |
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