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Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity

Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii are two highly pathogenic dimorphic fungal species that are endemic in the arid areas of the new world, including the region from west Texas to southern and central California in the USA that cause coccidioidomycosis (also known as Valley Fever). In highly endem...

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Autores principales: Kirkland, Theo N., Fierer, Joshua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6141143/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30179067
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2018.1509667
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author Kirkland, Theo N.
Fierer, Joshua
author_facet Kirkland, Theo N.
Fierer, Joshua
author_sort Kirkland, Theo N.
collection PubMed
description Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii are two highly pathogenic dimorphic fungal species that are endemic in the arid areas of the new world, including the region from west Texas to southern and central California in the USA that cause coccidioidomycosis (also known as Valley Fever). In highly endemic regions such as southern Arizona, up to 50% of long term residents have been infected. New information about fungal population genetics, ecology, epidemiology, and host-pathogen interactions is becoming available. However, our understanding of some aspects of coccidioidomycosis is still incomplete, including the extent of genetic variability of the fungus, the genes involved in virulence, and how the changes in gene expression during the organism’s dimorphic life cycle are related to the transformation from a free-living mold to a parasitic spherule. Unfortunately, efforts to develop an effective subunit vaccine have not yet been productive, although two potential live fungus vaccines have been developed.
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spelling pubmed-61411432018-09-18 Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity Kirkland, Theo N. Fierer, Joshua Virulence Review Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii are two highly pathogenic dimorphic fungal species that are endemic in the arid areas of the new world, including the region from west Texas to southern and central California in the USA that cause coccidioidomycosis (also known as Valley Fever). In highly endemic regions such as southern Arizona, up to 50% of long term residents have been infected. New information about fungal population genetics, ecology, epidemiology, and host-pathogen interactions is becoming available. However, our understanding of some aspects of coccidioidomycosis is still incomplete, including the extent of genetic variability of the fungus, the genes involved in virulence, and how the changes in gene expression during the organism’s dimorphic life cycle are related to the transformation from a free-living mold to a parasitic spherule. Unfortunately, efforts to develop an effective subunit vaccine have not yet been productive, although two potential live fungus vaccines have been developed. Taylor & Francis 2018-09-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6141143/ /pubmed/30179067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2018.1509667 Text en © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Kirkland, Theo N.
Fierer, Joshua
Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
title Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
title_full Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
title_fullStr Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
title_full_unstemmed Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
title_short Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
title_sort coccidioides immitis and posadasii; a review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6141143/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30179067
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2018.1509667
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