Cargando…
Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment
BACKGROUND: Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous saprotrophic fungus and an opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals. Humans and animals can inhale hundreds of A. fumigatus spores daily. Normally this is harmless for humans, but in case of immunodeficiency, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6142626/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1244-2 |
_version_ | 1783355860160872448 |
---|---|
author | Valdes, Ivan D. van den Berg, Joris Haagsman, Annika Escobar, Natalia Meis, Jacques F. Hagen, Ferry Haas, Pieter Jan Houbraken, Jos Wösten, Han A. B. de Cock, Hans |
author_facet | Valdes, Ivan D. van den Berg, Joris Haagsman, Annika Escobar, Natalia Meis, Jacques F. Hagen, Ferry Haas, Pieter Jan Houbraken, Jos Wösten, Han A. B. de Cock, Hans |
author_sort | Valdes, Ivan D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous saprotrophic fungus and an opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals. Humans and animals can inhale hundreds of A. fumigatus spores daily. Normally this is harmless for humans, but in case of immunodeficiency, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) can develop with a high mortality rate. A. fumigatus also causes non-invasive mycoses like sino-nasal aspergillosis (SNA) in dogs. RESULTS: In this study we compared A. fumigatus isolates from humans with suspected IPA, dogs with SNA, and a set of environmental isolates. Phylogenetic inference based on calmodulin (CaM) and beta-tubulin (benA) sequences did not reveal A. fumigatus sub-groups linked to the origin of the isolates. Genotyping and microsatellite analysis showed that each dog was infected by one A. fumigatus genotype, whereas human patients had mixed infections. Azole resistance was determined by antifungal susceptibility testing and sequencing of the cyp51A gene. A total of 12 out of 29 human isolates and 1 out of 27 environmental isolates were azole resistant. Of the azole resistant strains, 11 human isolates showed TR(34)/L98H (n = 6) or TR46/Y121F/T289A (n = 5). Phenotypically, isolates from dogs were more variable in growth speed and morphology when compared to those isolated from human and the environment. CONCLUSIONS: 1. A. fumigatus from dogs with SNA are phenotypically very diverse in contrast to their environmental and human counterparts. 2. Phenotypic variability can be induced during the chronic infection process in the sinus of the dogs. The basis of this heterogeneity might be due to genomic differences and/or epigenetic variations. 3. Differences in dogs is a could be a result of within-host adaption and might be triggered by environmental factors in the sinus, however this hypothesis still needs to be tested. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1244-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6142626 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61426262018-09-20 Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment Valdes, Ivan D. van den Berg, Joris Haagsman, Annika Escobar, Natalia Meis, Jacques F. Hagen, Ferry Haas, Pieter Jan Houbraken, Jos Wösten, Han A. B. de Cock, Hans BMC Microbiol Research Article BACKGROUND: Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous saprotrophic fungus and an opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals. Humans and animals can inhale hundreds of A. fumigatus spores daily. Normally this is harmless for humans, but in case of immunodeficiency, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) can develop with a high mortality rate. A. fumigatus also causes non-invasive mycoses like sino-nasal aspergillosis (SNA) in dogs. RESULTS: In this study we compared A. fumigatus isolates from humans with suspected IPA, dogs with SNA, and a set of environmental isolates. Phylogenetic inference based on calmodulin (CaM) and beta-tubulin (benA) sequences did not reveal A. fumigatus sub-groups linked to the origin of the isolates. Genotyping and microsatellite analysis showed that each dog was infected by one A. fumigatus genotype, whereas human patients had mixed infections. Azole resistance was determined by antifungal susceptibility testing and sequencing of the cyp51A gene. A total of 12 out of 29 human isolates and 1 out of 27 environmental isolates were azole resistant. Of the azole resistant strains, 11 human isolates showed TR(34)/L98H (n = 6) or TR46/Y121F/T289A (n = 5). Phenotypically, isolates from dogs were more variable in growth speed and morphology when compared to those isolated from human and the environment. CONCLUSIONS: 1. A. fumigatus from dogs with SNA are phenotypically very diverse in contrast to their environmental and human counterparts. 2. Phenotypic variability can be induced during the chronic infection process in the sinus of the dogs. The basis of this heterogeneity might be due to genomic differences and/or epigenetic variations. 3. Differences in dogs is a could be a result of within-host adaption and might be triggered by environmental factors in the sinus, however this hypothesis still needs to be tested. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1244-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6142626/ /pubmed/30223790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1244-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Valdes, Ivan D. van den Berg, Joris Haagsman, Annika Escobar, Natalia Meis, Jacques F. Hagen, Ferry Haas, Pieter Jan Houbraken, Jos Wösten, Han A. B. de Cock, Hans Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
title | Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
title_full | Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
title_fullStr | Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
title_short | Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
title_sort | comparative genotyping and phenotyping of aspergillus fumigatus isolates from humans, dogs and the environment |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6142626/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1244-2 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT valdesivand comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT vandenbergjoris comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT haagsmanannika comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT escobarnatalia comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT meisjacquesf comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT hagenferry comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT haaspieterjan comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT houbrakenjos comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT wostenhanab comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment AT decockhans comparativegenotypingandphenotypingofaspergillusfumigatusisolatesfromhumansdogsandtheenvironment |