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PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress
BACKGROUND: A reciprocal relationship between activated innate immune system and changes in mood and behavior has been established. There is still a paucity of knowledge on how the immune system responds during psychiatric treatment. We aimed to explore circulating cytokines and assess psychiatric s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove Medical Press
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149900/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30271153 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S173659 |
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author | Toft, Helge Bramness, Jørgen G Lien, Lars Abebe, Dawit S Wampold, Bruce E Tilden, Terje Hestad, Knut Neupane, Sudan Prasad |
author_facet | Toft, Helge Bramness, Jørgen G Lien, Lars Abebe, Dawit S Wampold, Bruce E Tilden, Terje Hestad, Knut Neupane, Sudan Prasad |
author_sort | Toft, Helge |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: A reciprocal relationship between activated innate immune system and changes in mood and behavior has been established. There is still a paucity of knowledge on how the immune system responds during psychiatric treatment. We aimed to explore circulating cytokines and assess psychiatric symptom severity scores during 12 weeks of inpatient psychiatric treatment. METHODS: The study was a longitudinal assessment of 124 patients (88 women and 36 men) in treatment at Modum Psychiatric Center, Norway. The patient sample comprised a mixed psychiatric population of whom 39 were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Serum blood samples for cytokine analysis and measures of mental distress using Global Severity Index were collected at admission (T(0)), halfway (T(1)), and before discharge (T(2)). Other factors assessed were age, gender, and the use of antidepressants and anti-inflammatory drugs. Multilevel modeling was used for longitudinal analyses to assess the repeated cytokine samples within each patient. RESULTS: Overall level of IL-1RA was higher in PTSD patients when compared to those without PTSD (P=0.021). The level of IL-1β, MCP-1, and TNF-α increased over time in PTSD compared to non-PTSD patients (P=0.025, P=0.011 and P=0.008, respectively). All patients experienced reduced mental distress as measured by self-reported Global Severity Index scores. Stratified analysis showed that PTSD patients who used anti-inflammatory drugs had higher levels of IL-1β (P=0.007) and TNF-α (P=0.049) than PTSD patients who did not use such drugs. CONCLUSION: The study indicates that traumatized patients may have a distinct neuroimmune development during recovery. Their activated immune system shows even further activation during their rehabilitation despite symptom reduction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6149900 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61499002018-09-28 PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress Toft, Helge Bramness, Jørgen G Lien, Lars Abebe, Dawit S Wampold, Bruce E Tilden, Terje Hestad, Knut Neupane, Sudan Prasad Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Original Research BACKGROUND: A reciprocal relationship between activated innate immune system and changes in mood and behavior has been established. There is still a paucity of knowledge on how the immune system responds during psychiatric treatment. We aimed to explore circulating cytokines and assess psychiatric symptom severity scores during 12 weeks of inpatient psychiatric treatment. METHODS: The study was a longitudinal assessment of 124 patients (88 women and 36 men) in treatment at Modum Psychiatric Center, Norway. The patient sample comprised a mixed psychiatric population of whom 39 were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Serum blood samples for cytokine analysis and measures of mental distress using Global Severity Index were collected at admission (T(0)), halfway (T(1)), and before discharge (T(2)). Other factors assessed were age, gender, and the use of antidepressants and anti-inflammatory drugs. Multilevel modeling was used for longitudinal analyses to assess the repeated cytokine samples within each patient. RESULTS: Overall level of IL-1RA was higher in PTSD patients when compared to those without PTSD (P=0.021). The level of IL-1β, MCP-1, and TNF-α increased over time in PTSD compared to non-PTSD patients (P=0.025, P=0.011 and P=0.008, respectively). All patients experienced reduced mental distress as measured by self-reported Global Severity Index scores. Stratified analysis showed that PTSD patients who used anti-inflammatory drugs had higher levels of IL-1β (P=0.007) and TNF-α (P=0.049) than PTSD patients who did not use such drugs. CONCLUSION: The study indicates that traumatized patients may have a distinct neuroimmune development during recovery. Their activated immune system shows even further activation during their rehabilitation despite symptom reduction. Dove Medical Press 2018-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6149900/ /pubmed/30271153 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S173659 Text en © 2018 Toft et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Toft, Helge Bramness, Jørgen G Lien, Lars Abebe, Dawit S Wampold, Bruce E Tilden, Terje Hestad, Knut Neupane, Sudan Prasad PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
title | PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
title_full | PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
title_fullStr | PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
title_full_unstemmed | PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
title_short | PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
title_sort | ptsd patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149900/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30271153 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S173659 |
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