Spectroscopic Investigation of the Interaction of the Anticancer Drug Mitoxantrone with Sodium Taurodeoxycholate (NaTDC) and Sodium Taurocholate (NaTC) Bile Salts

The focus of the present work was to investigate the interaction of the anticancer drug mitoxantrone with two bile salts, sodium taurodeoxycholate (NaTDC) and sodium taurocholate (NaTC). Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy were used to quantify the interaction and to obtain information on the location of mitoxantrone in bile salt micelles. The presence of submicellar concentrations of both bile salts induces mitoxantrone aggregation and the extent of drug aggregation in NaTDC is higher than in NaTC. For micellar bile salts concentrations, mitoxantrone monomers are entrapped in the micellar core. Binding constants, micelle/water partition coefficients and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters for binding and partitioning processes were estimated using the changes in monomer absorbance in the presence of bile salts. Binding interaction of mitoxantrone is stronger for NaTDC than NaTC micelles, whereas partitioning efficiency is higher for NaTC micelles for all investigated temperatures. Thermodynamic parameters indicate that both binding and partitioning processes are spontaneous and entropy controlled. The spectral behavior and thermodynamic parameters indicate distinct types of mitoxantrone interaction with NaTDC and NaTC micelles supported by the differences in nature and structure of bile salts micelles.