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Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive

BACKGROUND: Anhedonia (loss of pleasure) is characterized by low responsiveness to rewards and, by virtue of being one of the two core symptoms of depression, by altered responses to stress. We investigated the effect of an acute stress experience (i.e., a tandem skydive) that was expected to elicit...

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Autores principales: Vrijen, Charlotte, van Roekel, Eeske, Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6152985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30248153
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204556
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author Vrijen, Charlotte
van Roekel, Eeske
Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
author_facet Vrijen, Charlotte
van Roekel, Eeske
Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
author_sort Vrijen, Charlotte
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Anhedonia (loss of pleasure) is characterized by low responsiveness to rewards and, by virtue of being one of the two core symptoms of depression, by altered responses to stress. We investigated the effect of an acute stress experience (i.e., a tandem skydive) that was expected to elicit both intense fear and intense euphoria in a sample of anhedonic young adults. OBJECTIVE: (1) To examine individual differences in alpha-amylase reactivity to and recovery from a tandem skydive in anhedonic young adults; (2) to investigate whether trait depressive and anxiety problems, trait positive affect (PA), i.e., level of pleasure and reward responsiveness, and state anxiety, PA and self-esteem prior to the skydive were associated with alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns; (3) to investigate whether alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns were associated with pre- to post-jump changes in state anxiety, PA, and self-esteem. METHOD: Participants were 61 individuals with persistent anhedonia (Mage = 21.38, 78.7% female), who filled out a baseline questionnaire at the start of the study, and momentary questionnaires (3 times per day) before and after the tandem skydive. Alpha-amylase was measured at four time points by means of salivettes (2 before and 2 after the skydive). RESULTS: Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns were highly similar across individuals, although mean levels varied greatly. No associations were found between any of the trait and state measures and reactivity and recovery. Only state self-esteem was affected by the reactivity and recovery patterns, in that individuals who showed high reactivity and low recovery experienced decreases in self-esteem after the skydive. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha-amylase patterns following a tandem skydive in anhedonic individuals are highly similar to patterns previously found in healthy individuals. Although replication is warranted, our findings tentatively suggest that a strong stress response that cannot be downregulated well predicts a decrease in self-esteem.
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spelling pubmed-61529852018-10-19 Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive Vrijen, Charlotte van Roekel, Eeske Oldehinkel, Albertine J. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Anhedonia (loss of pleasure) is characterized by low responsiveness to rewards and, by virtue of being one of the two core symptoms of depression, by altered responses to stress. We investigated the effect of an acute stress experience (i.e., a tandem skydive) that was expected to elicit both intense fear and intense euphoria in a sample of anhedonic young adults. OBJECTIVE: (1) To examine individual differences in alpha-amylase reactivity to and recovery from a tandem skydive in anhedonic young adults; (2) to investigate whether trait depressive and anxiety problems, trait positive affect (PA), i.e., level of pleasure and reward responsiveness, and state anxiety, PA and self-esteem prior to the skydive were associated with alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns; (3) to investigate whether alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns were associated with pre- to post-jump changes in state anxiety, PA, and self-esteem. METHOD: Participants were 61 individuals with persistent anhedonia (Mage = 21.38, 78.7% female), who filled out a baseline questionnaire at the start of the study, and momentary questionnaires (3 times per day) before and after the tandem skydive. Alpha-amylase was measured at four time points by means of salivettes (2 before and 2 after the skydive). RESULTS: Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns were highly similar across individuals, although mean levels varied greatly. No associations were found between any of the trait and state measures and reactivity and recovery. Only state self-esteem was affected by the reactivity and recovery patterns, in that individuals who showed high reactivity and low recovery experienced decreases in self-esteem after the skydive. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha-amylase patterns following a tandem skydive in anhedonic individuals are highly similar to patterns previously found in healthy individuals. Although replication is warranted, our findings tentatively suggest that a strong stress response that cannot be downregulated well predicts a decrease in self-esteem. Public Library of Science 2018-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6152985/ /pubmed/30248153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204556 Text en © 2018 Vrijen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Vrijen, Charlotte
van Roekel, Eeske
Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
title Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
title_full Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
title_fullStr Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
title_full_unstemmed Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
title_short Alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
title_sort alpha-amylase reactivity and recovery patterns in anhedonic young adults performing a tandem skydive
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6152985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30248153
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204556
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