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Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism

Ghrelin, an acylated peptide hormone of 28 amino acids, is an endogenous ligand of the released growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin has been isolated from human and rat stomach and is also detected in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Ghrelin receptor is primarily located in the neu...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lv, You, Liang, Tingting, Wang, Guixia, Li, Zhuo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6153372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30177523
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20181061
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author Lv, You
Liang, Tingting
Wang, Guixia
Li, Zhuo
author_facet Lv, You
Liang, Tingting
Wang, Guixia
Li, Zhuo
author_sort Lv, You
collection PubMed
description Ghrelin, an acylated peptide hormone of 28 amino acids, is an endogenous ligand of the released growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin has been isolated from human and rat stomach and is also detected in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Ghrelin receptor is primarily located in the neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein neurons. Many previous studies have shown that ghrelin and GHSR are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, and its administration can increase food intake and body weight gain. AMP-activated protein kinase is activated by ghrelin in the hypothalamus, which contributes to lower intracellular long-chain fatty acid level. Ghrelin appears to modulate the response to food cues via a neural network involved in the regulation of feeding and in the appetitive response to food cues. It also increases the response of brain areas involved in visual processing, attention, and memory to food pictures. Ghrelin is also an important factor linking the central nervous system with peripheral tissues that regulate lipid metabolism. It promotes adiposity by the activation of hypothalamic orexigenic neurons and stimulates the expression of fat storage-related proteins in adipocytes. Meanwhile, ghrelin exerts direct peripheral effects on lipid metabolism, including increase in white adipose tissue mass, stimulation of lipogenesis in the liver, and taste sensitivity modulation.
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spelling pubmed-61533722018-09-25 Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism Lv, You Liang, Tingting Wang, Guixia Li, Zhuo Biosci Rep Review Articles Ghrelin, an acylated peptide hormone of 28 amino acids, is an endogenous ligand of the released growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin has been isolated from human and rat stomach and is also detected in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Ghrelin receptor is primarily located in the neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein neurons. Many previous studies have shown that ghrelin and GHSR are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, and its administration can increase food intake and body weight gain. AMP-activated protein kinase is activated by ghrelin in the hypothalamus, which contributes to lower intracellular long-chain fatty acid level. Ghrelin appears to modulate the response to food cues via a neural network involved in the regulation of feeding and in the appetitive response to food cues. It also increases the response of brain areas involved in visual processing, attention, and memory to food pictures. Ghrelin is also an important factor linking the central nervous system with peripheral tissues that regulate lipid metabolism. It promotes adiposity by the activation of hypothalamic orexigenic neurons and stimulates the expression of fat storage-related proteins in adipocytes. Meanwhile, ghrelin exerts direct peripheral effects on lipid metabolism, including increase in white adipose tissue mass, stimulation of lipogenesis in the liver, and taste sensitivity modulation. Portland Press Ltd. 2018-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6153372/ /pubmed/30177523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20181061 Text en © 2018 The Author(s). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Articles
Lv, You
Liang, Tingting
Wang, Guixia
Li, Zhuo
Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
title Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
title_full Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
title_fullStr Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
title_short Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
title_sort ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6153372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30177523
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20181061
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