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PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals

PTB was initially discovered as a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (hence the name), which corresponds to a specific RNA-binding protein associated with heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle (hnRNP I). The PTB family consists of three members in mammalian genomes, with PTBP1 (PTB) expressed i...

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Autores principales: Hu, Jing, Qian, Hao, Xue, Yuanchao, Fu, Xiang-Dong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6153489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30310857
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41048-018-0066-y
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author Hu, Jing
Qian, Hao
Xue, Yuanchao
Fu, Xiang-Dong
author_facet Hu, Jing
Qian, Hao
Xue, Yuanchao
Fu, Xiang-Dong
author_sort Hu, Jing
collection PubMed
description PTB was initially discovered as a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (hence the name), which corresponds to a specific RNA-binding protein associated with heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle (hnRNP I). The PTB family consists of three members in mammalian genomes, with PTBP1 (PTB) expressed in most cell types, PTBP2 (also known as nPTB or brPTB) exclusively found in the nervous system, and PTBP3 (also known as ROD1) predominately detected in immune cells. During neural development, PTB is down-regulated, which induces nPTB, and the expression of both PTB and nPTB becomes diminished when neurons mature. This programed switch, which largely takes place at the splicing level, is critical for the development of the nervous system, with PTB playing a central role in neuronal induction and nPTB guarding neuronal maturation. Remarkably, sequential knockdown of PTB and nPTB has been found to be necessary and sufficient to convert non-neuronal cells to the neuronal lineage. These findings, coupled with exquisite understanding of the molecular circuits regulated by these RNA-binding proteins, establish a critical foundation for their future applications in regenerative medicine.
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spelling pubmed-61534892018-10-09 PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals Hu, Jing Qian, Hao Xue, Yuanchao Fu, Xiang-Dong Biophys Rep Review PTB was initially discovered as a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (hence the name), which corresponds to a specific RNA-binding protein associated with heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle (hnRNP I). The PTB family consists of three members in mammalian genomes, with PTBP1 (PTB) expressed in most cell types, PTBP2 (also known as nPTB or brPTB) exclusively found in the nervous system, and PTBP3 (also known as ROD1) predominately detected in immune cells. During neural development, PTB is down-regulated, which induces nPTB, and the expression of both PTB and nPTB becomes diminished when neurons mature. This programed switch, which largely takes place at the splicing level, is critical for the development of the nervous system, with PTB playing a central role in neuronal induction and nPTB guarding neuronal maturation. Remarkably, sequential knockdown of PTB and nPTB has been found to be necessary and sufficient to convert non-neuronal cells to the neuronal lineage. These findings, coupled with exquisite understanding of the molecular circuits regulated by these RNA-binding proteins, establish a critical foundation for their future applications in regenerative medicine. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2018-08-28 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC6153489/ /pubmed/30310857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41048-018-0066-y Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Review
Hu, Jing
Qian, Hao
Xue, Yuanchao
Fu, Xiang-Dong
PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
title PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
title_full PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
title_fullStr PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
title_full_unstemmed PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
title_short PTB/nPTB: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
title_sort ptb/nptb: master regulators of neuronal fate in mammals
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6153489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30310857
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41048-018-0066-y
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