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Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses

Several meta-analyses have been published summarizing the associations of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with chronic diseases. We evaluated the quality and credibility of evidence from these meta-analyses as well as characterized the different indices used to define MedDiet and re-calculated the...

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Autores principales: Galbete, Cecilia, Schwingshackl, Lukas, Schwedhelm, Carolina, Boeing, Heiner, Schulze, Matthias B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6153506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30030684
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-018-0427-3
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author Galbete, Cecilia
Schwingshackl, Lukas
Schwedhelm, Carolina
Boeing, Heiner
Schulze, Matthias B.
author_facet Galbete, Cecilia
Schwingshackl, Lukas
Schwedhelm, Carolina
Boeing, Heiner
Schulze, Matthias B.
author_sort Galbete, Cecilia
collection PubMed
description Several meta-analyses have been published summarizing the associations of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with chronic diseases. We evaluated the quality and credibility of evidence from these meta-analyses as well as characterized the different indices used to define MedDiet and re-calculated the associations with the different indices identified. We conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses on cohort studies evaluating the association of the MedDiet with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and cognitive-related diseases. We used the AMSTAR (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews) checklist to evaluate the methodological quality of the meta-analyses, and the NutriGrade scoring system to evaluate the credibility of evidence. We also identified different indices used to define MedDiet; tests for subgroup differences were performed to compare the associations with the different indices when at least 2 studies were available for different definitions. Fourteen publications were identified and within them 27 meta-analyses which were based on 70 primary studies. Almost all meta-analyses reported inverse associations between MedDiet and risk of chronic disease, but the credibility of evidence was rated low to moderate. Moreover, substantial heterogeneity was observed on the use of the indices assessing adherence to the MedDiet, but two indices were the most used ones [Trichopoulou MedDiet (tMedDiet) and alternative MedDiet (aMedDiet)]. Overall, we observed little difference in risk associations comparing different MedDiet indices in the subgroup meta-analyses. Future prospective cohort studies are advised to use more homogenous definitions of the MedDiet to improve the comparability across meta-analyses.
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spelling pubmed-61535062018-10-09 Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses Galbete, Cecilia Schwingshackl, Lukas Schwedhelm, Carolina Boeing, Heiner Schulze, Matthias B. Eur J Epidemiol Review Several meta-analyses have been published summarizing the associations of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with chronic diseases. We evaluated the quality and credibility of evidence from these meta-analyses as well as characterized the different indices used to define MedDiet and re-calculated the associations with the different indices identified. We conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses on cohort studies evaluating the association of the MedDiet with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and cognitive-related diseases. We used the AMSTAR (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews) checklist to evaluate the methodological quality of the meta-analyses, and the NutriGrade scoring system to evaluate the credibility of evidence. We also identified different indices used to define MedDiet; tests for subgroup differences were performed to compare the associations with the different indices when at least 2 studies were available for different definitions. Fourteen publications were identified and within them 27 meta-analyses which were based on 70 primary studies. Almost all meta-analyses reported inverse associations between MedDiet and risk of chronic disease, but the credibility of evidence was rated low to moderate. Moreover, substantial heterogeneity was observed on the use of the indices assessing adherence to the MedDiet, but two indices were the most used ones [Trichopoulou MedDiet (tMedDiet) and alternative MedDiet (aMedDiet)]. Overall, we observed little difference in risk associations comparing different MedDiet indices in the subgroup meta-analyses. Future prospective cohort studies are advised to use more homogenous definitions of the MedDiet to improve the comparability across meta-analyses. Springer Netherlands 2018-07-20 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC6153506/ /pubmed/30030684 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-018-0427-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Review
Galbete, Cecilia
Schwingshackl, Lukas
Schwedhelm, Carolina
Boeing, Heiner
Schulze, Matthias B.
Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
title Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
title_full Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
title_fullStr Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
title_short Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
title_sort evaluating mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6153506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30030684
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-018-0427-3
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