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Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages
BACKGROUND: Basalt is the most common igneous rock on the Earth’s surface covering. Basalt-associated microorganisms drive the cycling and sequestration of different elements such as nitrogen, carbon and other nutrients, which facilitate subsequent pioneer and plant development, impacting long-term...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6154810/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30249184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0 |
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author | Byloos, Bo Monsieurs, Pieter Mysara, Mohamed Leys, Natalie Boon, Nico Van Houdt, Rob |
author_facet | Byloos, Bo Monsieurs, Pieter Mysara, Mohamed Leys, Natalie Boon, Nico Van Houdt, Rob |
author_sort | Byloos, Bo |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Basalt is the most common igneous rock on the Earth’s surface covering. Basalt-associated microorganisms drive the cycling and sequestration of different elements such as nitrogen, carbon and other nutrients, which facilitate subsequent pioneer and plant development, impacting long-term regulation of the Earth’s temperature and biosphere. The initial processes of colonization and subsequent rock weathering by microbial communities are still poorly understood and relatively few data are available on the diversity and richness of the communities inhabiting successive and chronological lava flows. In this study, the bacterial communities present on lava deposits from different eruptions of the 1975–84 Krafla Fires (32-, 35- and 39-year old, respectively) at the Krafla, Iceland, were determined. RESULTS: Three sites were sampled for each deposit (32-, 35- and 39-year old), two proximal sites (at 10 m distance) and one more distant site (at 100 m from the two other sites). The determined chemical composition and metal concentrations were similar for the three basalt deposits. No significant differences were observed in the total number of cells in each flow. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that the most abundant classified phylum across the 3 flows was Proteobacteria, although predominance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes was observed for some sampling sites. In addition, a considerable fraction of the operational taxonomic units remained unclassified. Alpha diversity (Shannon, inverse Simpson and Chao), HOMOVA and AMOVA only showed a significant difference for Shannon between the 32- and 39-year old flow (p < 0.05). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that age significantly (p = 0.026) influenced the leftward movement along NMDS axis 1. CONCLUSIONS: Although NMDS indicated that the (relatively small) age difference of the deposits appeared to impact the bacterial community, this analysis was not consistent with AMOVA and HOMOVA, indicating no significant difference in community structure. The combined results drive us to conclude that the (relatively small) age differences of the deposits do not appear to be the main factor shaping the microbial communities. Probably other factors such as spatial heterogeneity, associated carbon content, exogenous rain precipitations and wind also affect the diversity and dynamics. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6154810 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61548102018-09-26 Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages Byloos, Bo Monsieurs, Pieter Mysara, Mohamed Leys, Natalie Boon, Nico Van Houdt, Rob BMC Microbiol Research Article BACKGROUND: Basalt is the most common igneous rock on the Earth’s surface covering. Basalt-associated microorganisms drive the cycling and sequestration of different elements such as nitrogen, carbon and other nutrients, which facilitate subsequent pioneer and plant development, impacting long-term regulation of the Earth’s temperature and biosphere. The initial processes of colonization and subsequent rock weathering by microbial communities are still poorly understood and relatively few data are available on the diversity and richness of the communities inhabiting successive and chronological lava flows. In this study, the bacterial communities present on lava deposits from different eruptions of the 1975–84 Krafla Fires (32-, 35- and 39-year old, respectively) at the Krafla, Iceland, were determined. RESULTS: Three sites were sampled for each deposit (32-, 35- and 39-year old), two proximal sites (at 10 m distance) and one more distant site (at 100 m from the two other sites). The determined chemical composition and metal concentrations were similar for the three basalt deposits. No significant differences were observed in the total number of cells in each flow. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that the most abundant classified phylum across the 3 flows was Proteobacteria, although predominance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes was observed for some sampling sites. In addition, a considerable fraction of the operational taxonomic units remained unclassified. Alpha diversity (Shannon, inverse Simpson and Chao), HOMOVA and AMOVA only showed a significant difference for Shannon between the 32- and 39-year old flow (p < 0.05). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that age significantly (p = 0.026) influenced the leftward movement along NMDS axis 1. CONCLUSIONS: Although NMDS indicated that the (relatively small) age difference of the deposits appeared to impact the bacterial community, this analysis was not consistent with AMOVA and HOMOVA, indicating no significant difference in community structure. The combined results drive us to conclude that the (relatively small) age differences of the deposits do not appear to be the main factor shaping the microbial communities. Probably other factors such as spatial heterogeneity, associated carbon content, exogenous rain precipitations and wind also affect the diversity and dynamics. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6154810/ /pubmed/30249184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Byloos, Bo Monsieurs, Pieter Mysara, Mohamed Leys, Natalie Boon, Nico Van Houdt, Rob Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title | Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_full | Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_fullStr | Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_short | Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_sort | characterization of the bacterial communities on recent icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6154810/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30249184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0 |
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