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Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer
Cholesterol is a vital lipid molecule for mammalian cells, regulating fluidity of biological membranes, and serving as an essential constituent of lipid rafts. Mammalian cells acquire cholesterol from extracellular lipoproteins and from de novo synthesis. Cholesterol biosynthesis generates various p...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6157400/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30283400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00509 |
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author | Yamauchi, Yoshio Rogers, Maximillian A. |
author_facet | Yamauchi, Yoshio Rogers, Maximillian A. |
author_sort | Yamauchi, Yoshio |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cholesterol is a vital lipid molecule for mammalian cells, regulating fluidity of biological membranes, and serving as an essential constituent of lipid rafts. Mammalian cells acquire cholesterol from extracellular lipoproteins and from de novo synthesis. Cholesterol biosynthesis generates various precursor sterols. Cholesterol undergoes metabolic conversion into oxygenated sterols (oxysterols), bile acids, and steroid hormones. Cholesterol intermediates and metabolites have diverse and important cellular functions. A network of molecular machineries including transcription factors, protein modifiers, sterol transporters/carriers, and sterol sensors regulate sterol homeostasis in mammalian cells and tissues. Dysfunction in metabolism and transport of cholesterol, sterol intermediates, and oxysterols occurs in various pathophysiological settings such as atherosclerosis, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we review the cholesterol, intermediate sterol, and oxysterol regulatory mechanisms and intracellular transport machineries, and discuss the roles of sterols and sterol metabolism in human diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6157400 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61574002018-10-03 Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer Yamauchi, Yoshio Rogers, Maximillian A. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Cholesterol is a vital lipid molecule for mammalian cells, regulating fluidity of biological membranes, and serving as an essential constituent of lipid rafts. Mammalian cells acquire cholesterol from extracellular lipoproteins and from de novo synthesis. Cholesterol biosynthesis generates various precursor sterols. Cholesterol undergoes metabolic conversion into oxygenated sterols (oxysterols), bile acids, and steroid hormones. Cholesterol intermediates and metabolites have diverse and important cellular functions. A network of molecular machineries including transcription factors, protein modifiers, sterol transporters/carriers, and sterol sensors regulate sterol homeostasis in mammalian cells and tissues. Dysfunction in metabolism and transport of cholesterol, sterol intermediates, and oxysterols occurs in various pathophysiological settings such as atherosclerosis, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we review the cholesterol, intermediate sterol, and oxysterol regulatory mechanisms and intracellular transport machineries, and discuss the roles of sterols and sterol metabolism in human diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6157400/ /pubmed/30283400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00509 Text en Copyright © 2018 Yamauchi and Rogers. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Yamauchi, Yoshio Rogers, Maximillian A. Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer |
title | Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer |
title_full | Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer |
title_fullStr | Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer |
title_short | Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer |
title_sort | sterol metabolism and transport in atherosclerosis and cancer |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6157400/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30283400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00509 |
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