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Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study

BACKGROUND: Obesity increases the risk of adverse delivery outcomes. Whether weight loss induced by bariatric surgery influences these risks remains to be determined. The objective was to investigate the risk of adverse delivery outcomes among post-surgery women compared with women without bariatric...

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Autores principales: Stephansson, Olof, Johansson, Kari, Söderling, Jonas, Näslund, Ingmar, Neovius, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6157842/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30256796
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002656
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author Stephansson, Olof
Johansson, Kari
Söderling, Jonas
Näslund, Ingmar
Neovius, Martin
author_facet Stephansson, Olof
Johansson, Kari
Söderling, Jonas
Näslund, Ingmar
Neovius, Martin
author_sort Stephansson, Olof
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obesity increases the risk of adverse delivery outcomes. Whether weight loss induced by bariatric surgery influences these risks remains to be determined. The objective was to investigate the risk of adverse delivery outcomes among post-surgery women compared with women without bariatric surgery history but with similar characteristics. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We identified 801,443 singleton live-born term births (≥37 gestational weeks) in the Swedish Medical Birth Register between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2013, of which 1,929 were in women with a history of bariatric surgery and a pre-surgery weight available from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry. For each post-surgery delivery, up to 5 control deliveries were matched by maternal pre-surgery BMI (early-pregnancy BMI used for controls), age, parity, smoking, education, height, country of birth, and delivery year (N post-surgery deliveries:matched controls = 1,431:4,476). The main outcome measures were mode of delivery, induction of labor, post-term pregnancy (≥42 + 0 gestational weeks), epidural analgesia, fetal distress, labor dystocia, peripartum infection, obstetric anal sphincter injury (perineal tear grade III–IV), and postpartum hemorrhage. Among the women with a history of bariatric surgery, the mean pre-surgery BMI was 42.6 kg/m(2), the median surgery-to-conception interval was 1.4 years, and the mean BMI loss between surgery and early pregnancy was 13.5 kg/m(2) (38 kg). Compared to matched control women, post-surgery women were less likely to have cesarean delivery (18.2% versus 25.0%, risk ratio [RR] 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.80), especially emergency cesarean (6.8% versus 15.1%, RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.31–0.51). Post-surgery women also had lower risks of instrumental delivery (5.0% versus 6.5%, RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.53–0.98), induction of labor (23.4% versus 34.0%, RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.59–0.78), post-term pregnancy (4.2% versus 10.3%, RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.30–0.53), obstetric anal sphincter injury (1.5% versus 2.9%, RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25–0.81), and postpartum hemorrhage (4.6% versus 8.0%, RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.44–0.76). Since this study was not randomized, a limitation is the possibility of selection bias, despite our efforts using careful matching. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric-surgery-induced weight loss was associated with lower risks for adverse delivery outcomes in term births.
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spelling pubmed-61578422018-10-19 Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study Stephansson, Olof Johansson, Kari Söderling, Jonas Näslund, Ingmar Neovius, Martin PLoS Med Research Article BACKGROUND: Obesity increases the risk of adverse delivery outcomes. Whether weight loss induced by bariatric surgery influences these risks remains to be determined. The objective was to investigate the risk of adverse delivery outcomes among post-surgery women compared with women without bariatric surgery history but with similar characteristics. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We identified 801,443 singleton live-born term births (≥37 gestational weeks) in the Swedish Medical Birth Register between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2013, of which 1,929 were in women with a history of bariatric surgery and a pre-surgery weight available from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry. For each post-surgery delivery, up to 5 control deliveries were matched by maternal pre-surgery BMI (early-pregnancy BMI used for controls), age, parity, smoking, education, height, country of birth, and delivery year (N post-surgery deliveries:matched controls = 1,431:4,476). The main outcome measures were mode of delivery, induction of labor, post-term pregnancy (≥42 + 0 gestational weeks), epidural analgesia, fetal distress, labor dystocia, peripartum infection, obstetric anal sphincter injury (perineal tear grade III–IV), and postpartum hemorrhage. Among the women with a history of bariatric surgery, the mean pre-surgery BMI was 42.6 kg/m(2), the median surgery-to-conception interval was 1.4 years, and the mean BMI loss between surgery and early pregnancy was 13.5 kg/m(2) (38 kg). Compared to matched control women, post-surgery women were less likely to have cesarean delivery (18.2% versus 25.0%, risk ratio [RR] 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.80), especially emergency cesarean (6.8% versus 15.1%, RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.31–0.51). Post-surgery women also had lower risks of instrumental delivery (5.0% versus 6.5%, RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.53–0.98), induction of labor (23.4% versus 34.0%, RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.59–0.78), post-term pregnancy (4.2% versus 10.3%, RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.30–0.53), obstetric anal sphincter injury (1.5% versus 2.9%, RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25–0.81), and postpartum hemorrhage (4.6% versus 8.0%, RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.44–0.76). Since this study was not randomized, a limitation is the possibility of selection bias, despite our efforts using careful matching. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric-surgery-induced weight loss was associated with lower risks for adverse delivery outcomes in term births. Public Library of Science 2018-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6157842/ /pubmed/30256796 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002656 Text en © 2018 Stephansson et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Stephansson, Olof
Johansson, Kari
Söderling, Jonas
Näslund, Ingmar
Neovius, Martin
Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study
title Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study
title_full Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study
title_fullStr Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study
title_short Delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: Population-based matched cohort study
title_sort delivery outcomes in term births after bariatric surgery: population-based matched cohort study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6157842/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30256796
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002656
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